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A review of reactions to the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement—from Arab, Israeli, Iranian, and Western media to leading research centers—reveals that the agreement’s substance, motives, and consequences transcend the scope of conventional defense pacts.
Khalid Al-Jaber
Amid the turmoil of the past few years—and broader geopolitical shifts—three major Muslim powers have agreed to a new framework for their mutual security, while providing a path for others to follow.
Ali Bakir
The signing of the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement marks a significant step in relations between Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan, representing a shift from sporadic defense cooperation to a more structured framework.
Suleiman Al-Akaili
With neither a decisive military victory nor a political settlement in sight, the Middle East is sliding into an open-ended war of attrition that threatens security, trade, energy supplies, and the global economy.
Khalid Al-Jaber
Most of the AI infrastructure the Gulf has built to date is not an engine of independence but an architecture of dependence: sophisticated, expensive, and pointed in the wrong direction.
Muhanad Seloom
As the U.S.-Iran war flares again, commercial transit at the world’s most strategic maritime chokepoint is obstructed once more. Have alternative routes proven successful enough to offset the disruption?