Lebanon’s externally driven push to disarm Hezbollah reveals a deeper crisis of sovereignty, as the state lacks the legitimacy, institutional capacity, and public trust necessary to reclaim monopoly over force without risking deeper instability and communal backlash.
Israel’s 12-day war with Iran achieved dramatic tactical successes—including assassinations, sabotage and U.S. military involvement—but ultimately failed to trigger Iran’s internal collapse or strategic defeat, instead galvanizing Iranian national unity, advancing its nuclear ambiguity and raising the risk of deeper regional escalation in a future.