{"id":479319,"date":"2026-06-02T13:23:33","date_gmt":"2026-06-02T13:23:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=publication_chapters&#038;p=479319"},"modified":"2026-06-03T11:44:44","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T11:44:44","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%85-%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a9%d8%9f-%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"publication_chapters","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/publication_chapters\/%d8%aa%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%85-%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a9%d8%9f-%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0629\u061f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a 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dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u064f\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<a href=\"#endnote37\"><sup>37<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 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\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote1\">1<\/sup> International Court of Justice, <em>Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip: South Africa v. Israel<\/em>, (The Hague: International Court of Justice, December 29, 2023), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/sites\/default\/files\/case-related\/192\/192-20231228-app-01-00-en.pdf\">https:\/\/www.icj-cij.org\/sites\/default\/files\/case-related\/192\/192-20231228-app-01-00-en.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote2\">2<\/sup> The emphasis of this study is the Global South outside the MENA region.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote3\">3<\/sup> Some analysts prefer the older term &#8220;Third World,&#8221; as they see &#8220;Global South&#8221; as, among other things, a rebranding exercise to win acceptance among the great powers. This paper will use both terms interchangeably. Membership in the G77, a UN group of developing countries founded in 1964, is a good approximation of who belongs to the Global South. China is not considered a Global South country in this analysis. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.g77.org\/\">https:\/\/www.g77.org\/<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2024\/10\/10\/china-is-not-the-global-south\/\">https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2024\/10\/10\/china-is-not-the-global-south\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote4\">4<\/sup> Initiatives such as BRICS appear to be a counter example. However, BRICS, a loose coalition between the eight Global South middle powers and the &#8220;Global East&#8221; of China and Russia, represents a cooperative effort aimed more at economic problem-solving than anything else. See <a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2025\/07\/02\/brics-america-first-trade\/\">https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2025\/07\/02\/brics-america-first-trade\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote5\">5<\/sup> Sarang Shidore, &#8220;The Return of the Global South,&#8221; <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em>, August 31, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/world\/return-global-south-critique-western-power\">https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/world\/return-global-south-critique-western-power<\/a>; Sarang Shidore, &#8220;What does the Global South want?&#8221; <em>International Politics and Society<\/em>, August 26, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ips-journal.eu\/topics\/foreign-and-security-policy\/what-does-the-global-south-want-7733\/\">https:\/\/www.ips-journal.eu\/topics\/foreign-and-security-policy\/what-does-the-global-south-want-7733\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote6\">6<\/sup> The focus in this paper is the UNGA rather than the UNSC, where several resolutions were also introduced, but failed to pass due to a U.S. veto. The UNGA is the best reflection of Global South perspectives due to its universal membership.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote7\">7<\/sup> Algeria, as non-permanent member of the UN Security Council in 2024 and 2025, took a lead role in resolutions on Gaza introduced in that body. All such resolutions were vetoed by the United States.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote8\">8<\/sup> Eight Global South states voted no, 16 abstained, and 13 did not vote.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote9\">9<\/sup> Though Argentina, reflecting a change of government during an intervening election, switched to vote no. Six Global South states voted no, 12 abstained and six did not vote.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote10\">10<\/sup> Also, a December 17, 2024, UNGA resolution on a broader but related matter of the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination received as many as 115 affirmative votes from the Global South. See <a href=\"https:\/\/digitallibrary.un.org\/record\/4069726?ln=en\">https:\/\/digitallibrary.un.org\/record\/4069726?ln=en<\/a>. In this and other tallies in this study, a total of 133 votes are attributed to Global South states.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote11\">11<\/sup> Sarang Shidore and Dan M. Ford, &#8220;Mapping it: Striking US isolation in UN vote,&#8221; <em>Responsible Statecraft<\/em>, December 15, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/responsiblestatecraft.org\/un-vote-global-south\/\">https:\/\/responsiblestatecraft.org\/un-vote-global-south\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote12\">12<\/sup> The Global South vote tally on the U.S. amendment was as follows: Yes = 32, No = 56, Abstain = 25, Did Not Vote = 20, implying a defection of 53 states from the Yes votes on the December 12, 2023, UNGA resolution.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote13\">13<\/sup> Lisandra Paraguassu, &#8220;Brazil to join South Africa&#8217;s Gaza genocide case against Israel at ICJ,&#8221; <em>Reuters<\/em>, July 24, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/americas\/brazil-join-south-africas-gaza-genocide-case-against-israel-icj-2025-07-23\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/americas\/brazil-join-south-africas-gaza-genocide-case-against-israel-icj-2025-07-23\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote14\">14<\/sup> Matt Murphy, &#8220;Germany faces genocide case over Israel weapon sales,&#8221; <em>BBC<\/em>, April 9, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-68759146\">https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-68759146<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote15\">15<\/sup> The referral does not name any specific perpetrators, so the ICC could investigate such violations by both Israel and Hamas or any other entity since June 13, 2014.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote16\">16<\/sup> International Criminal Court, &#8220;Statement of ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC on the issuance of arrest warrants in the Situation in the State of Palestine,&#8221; Press Release, November 21, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/news\/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-aa-khan-kc-issuance-arrest-warrants-situation-state-palestine\">https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/news\/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-aa-khan-kc-issuance-arrest-warrants-situation-state-palestine<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote17\">17<\/sup> &#8220;Malaysia bans Israel-flagged ships from its ports in response to Gaza war,&#8221; <em>Al Jazeera English<\/em>, December 20, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2023\/12\/20\/malaysia-bans-israeli-affiliated-and-israel-bound-ships-from-its-ports\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2023\/12\/20\/malaysia-bans-israeli-affiliated-and-israel-bound-ships-from-its-ports<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote18\">18<\/sup> Eman Abusidu, &#8220;&#8216;Not a single ton:&#8217; Colombian President orders navy to ban coal shipments to Israel,&#8221; <em>Middle East Monitor<\/em>, July 25, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20250725-not-a-single-ton-colombian-president-orders-navy-to-ban-coal-shipments-to-israel\/\">https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20250725-not-a-single-ton-colombian-president-orders-navy-to-ban-coal-shipments-to-israel\/<\/a>; &#8220;Colombia expels all remaining Israeli diplomats, severs free trade agreement,&#8221; <em>The Cradle<\/em>, October 2, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/thecradle.co\/articles-id\/33467\">https:\/\/thecradle.co\/articles-id\/33467<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote19\">19<\/sup> Laura Gamba Fadul, &#8220;Chile to ban goods from Israeli-occupied territories,&#8221; <em>Anadolu Ajansi<\/em>, June 3, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/americas\/chile-to-ban-goods-from-israeli-occupied-territories\/3588098\">https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/americas\/chile-to-ban-goods-from-israeli-occupied-territories\/3588098<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote20\">20<\/sup> Reuters, &#8220;Brazil adopts free trade with Palestinian Authority in show of support,&#8221; July 9, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/brazil-adopts-free-trade-with-palestinian-authority-show-support-2024-07-08\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/brazil-adopts-free-trade-with-palestinian-authority-show-support-2024-07-08\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote21\">21<\/sup> Khamis Saeed, &#8220;Indonesia readies island medical facilities for 2,000 wounded Gazans,&#8221; <em>Al-Monitor<\/em>, August 7, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/originals\/2025\/08\/indonesia-readies-island-medical-facility-2000-wounded-gazans\">https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/originals\/2025\/08\/indonesia-readies-island-medical-facility-2000-wounded-gazans<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote22\">22<\/sup> &#8220;Colombia pauses buying Israeli weapons and president calls war in Gaza &#8216;genocide&#8217;,&#8221; <em>AP News<\/em>, February 29, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/colombia-petro-israel-netanyahu-hamas-palestinian-59425fba3eee60114a3444d1c935364d\">https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/colombia-petro-israel-netanyahu-hamas-palestinian-59425fba3eee60114a3444d1c935364d<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote23\">23<\/sup> Chloe Ross Bohn and Eric Omorogieva, &#8220;The Hague Group: A Unified Stand for Palestine Across Continents,&#8221; <em>The SAIS Observer<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/saisobserver.org\/2025\/02\/12\/the-hague-group-a-unified-stand-for-palestine-across-continents\/\">https:\/\/saisobserver.org\/2025\/02\/12\/the-hague-group-a-unified-stand-for-palestine-across-continents\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote24\">24<\/sup> Laura Gamba, &#8220;Members of the Hague Group declare six &#8216;concrete&#8217; steps against Israel at Bogota summit,&#8221; <em>Middle East Eye<\/em>, July 16, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/gaza-war-several-states-announce-six-concrete-steps-against-israel-bogota-summit\">https:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/gaza-war-several-states-announce-six-concrete-steps-against-israel-bogota-summit<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote25\">25<\/sup> The 13 states are Bolivia, Colombia, Cuba, Indonesia, Iraq, Libya, Malaysia, Namibia, Nicaragua, Oman, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South Africa, and Turkey.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote26\">26<\/sup> <strong>Addendum:<\/strong> In Latin America, Palestine&#8217;s Ambassador to Mexico, Nadya R.H. Rasheed, went to Guadalajara to meet with human rights organizations and request humanitarian aid for Gaza, addressed the country&#8217;s most prominent public university in Mexico City, and met with the President of the Mexican Senate and Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum to win broader support in the country. Palestine&#8217;s Ambassador to Chile, Vera Baboun, spoke at a Catholic mass held at a cathedral in Santiago meant to bring together Chile&#8217;s Muslim and Christian communities, and gave interviews to multiple Chilean media outlets. She also met top Chilean and UN officials, including the Chilean foreign minister, Alberto van Klaveren, and spoke of the importance of international recognition for a Palestinian state. At the invitation of the Palestinian-Chilean Community, the ambassador raised the Palestinian flag on the town hall of San Felipe. Chile hosts the largest community of Palestinian descent outside the Arab world. In next door Brazil, President Lula de Silva met with Palestine&#8217;s Ambassador to Brazil Ibrahim Alzeben to discuss the ongoing crisis in Palestine. The ambassador also addressed the ruling party&#8217;s (Worker&#8217;s Party, or PT) national meeting. Palestine&#8217;s Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Varsen Aghabekian visited Brazil in March 2025 and held a press conference focused on Israel&#8217;s atrocities in Gaza, Palestinian statehood, and Brazil-Palestine relations. Palestinian diplomats have also been active in Asia. Palestine&#8217;s ambassador to India, Adnan Abu Al Hijah, gave interviews to prominent Indian newspapers <em>The Hindu<\/em> and <em>Indian Express<\/em>, in which he emphasized India&#8217;s role as a friend to both Palestine and Israel before advocating for India to mediate peace efforts. Palestine&#8217;s Ambassador to Indonesia, Dr. Zuhair S.M. Al Shun met with the President of Indonesia, Prabowo Subianto, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Sugiono, and expressed Palestine&#8217;s gratitude for Indonesia&#8217;s solidarity with Palestine and its people. Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee, Phan Dinh Trac, met with the Palestinian Liberation Organization Secretary General Azzam Najib Mustafa Al-Ahmad in Hanoi. During the meeting, Secretary Trac reaffirmed Vietnam&#8217;s steadfast support for Palestine and the Palestine liberation movement. In Africa, the Palestinian ambassador to Nigeria, Abdullah Abu M Shawesh, was active in print and broadcast media on making his case. He also met with the Nigerian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Yusuf M. Tuggar. Palestine&#8217;s Embassy in South Africa hosted an event in support of South Africa&#8217;s legal case at the ICJ. The attendees watched the first hearing of the South African case against Israel. The Palestinian ambassador Hanan Jarrar also engaged with multiple media outlets in the country.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote27\">27<\/sup> BDS Movement, &#8220;&#8216;All oppression will end, we must keep fighting&#8217;: A year of the Global South Response,&#8221; accessed November 25, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/bdsmovement.net\/A-Year-of-the-Global-South-Response\">https:\/\/bdsmovement.net\/A-Year-of-the-Global-South-Response<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote28\">28<\/sup> Calculation by author based on World Bank data. The corresponding fractions as compared to the world are 7.5% and 5.3%.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote29\">29<\/sup> Indirect pressure could be applied through Israel&#8217;s Western backers, for example, by withholding trade and investment ties from such states, though this will carry its own costs.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote30\">30<\/sup> &#8220;Which countries trade the most with Israel and what do they buy and sell?&#8221; <em>Al Jazeera English<\/em>, May 22, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2025\/5\/22\/which-countries-trade-the-most-with-israel-and-what-do-they-buy-and-sell\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2025\/5\/22\/which-countries-trade-the-most-with-israel-and-what-do-they-buy-and-sell<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote31\">31<\/sup> Turkey is included in the Global South for the purposes of this paper, though it is arguably does not belong due to its membership of NATO. For a longer treatment of the definition of the Global South, see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/world\/return-global-south-critique-western-power\">https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/world\/return-global-south-critique-western-power<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote32\">32<\/sup> The ambiguous and opponent group is larger if the UNGA request on December 30, 2022, for an ICJ advisory opinion on Israeli policies in Palestine is also considered. The Global South tally on this resolution was as follows: Yes = 71, No = 11, Abstained = 26, Did Not Vote = 25. Key states such as Brazil (at the time under President Bolsonaro), India, Cote D&#8217;Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Tanzania, Philippines, and Thailand abstained, whereas Costa Rica, DRC, Kenya, Liberia, Togo and several Pacific Island states voted No. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.securitycouncilreport.org\/atf\/cf\/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D\/A.RES.77.247.pdf\">https:\/\/www.securitycouncilreport.org\/atf\/cf\/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D\/A.RES.77.247.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote33\">33<\/sup> The main Indian opposition party, the Congress Party, has more recently taken a tough stand on Israel. See <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/INCIndia\/status\/1933786778869354770\">https:\/\/x.com\/INCIndia\/status\/1933786778869354770<\/a>. It is also noteworthy that India voted yes on other important UNGA resolutions on Palestine during the Gaza conflict, including a resolution on December 4, 2024, condemning Israeli settlements in occupied Palestinian territories as illegal which garnered 97 yes votes from the Global South.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote34\">34<\/sup> This is also true to a degree for the Philippines.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote35\">35<\/sup> The Global South vote on the UNGA resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire was as follows: Yes = 109, No = 6, Abstain = 12, Did Not Vote = 6. The tally on the U.S. amendment was 32\u201356\u201325\u201320, implying a defection of 55 states.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote36\">36<\/sup> Sarang Shidore, &#8220;How the Global South is reacting to events in Israel and Gaza today,&#8221; <em>Responsible Statecraft<\/em>, October 9, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/responsiblestatecraft.org\/hamas-israel-global-south\/\">https:\/\/responsiblestatecraft.org\/hamas-israel-global-south\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup id=\"endnote37\">37<\/sup> &#8220;&#8230;the most consequential event of the twentieth century might not be the First or the Second World War, the Shoah, the Cold War, or even the collapse of communism, but decolonization.&#8221; \u2014 Pankaj Mishra, <em>The World After Gaza<\/em> (London: Penguin, 2025), p. 210.<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0637\u0651\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":479318,"template":"","class_list":["post-479319","publication_chapters","type-publication_chapters","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_chapters\/479319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication_chapters"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/479318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=479319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}