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\n
\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><\/h6>\n
1<\/sup> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Rosemary Said Zahlan, Palestine and the Gulf States: The Presence at the Table<\/em> (New York: Routledge, 2009), 63.<\/h6>\n
2<\/sup> May Barakat and Yasser Amouri, “Who is representing the Palestinian People: The Palestine Liberation Organization or the State of Palestine? The Aftermath of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 67\/19,” Arab Law Quarterly<\/em> 38, no. 1-2 (2022): 50-79, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/15730255-BJA10115<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
3<\/sup> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1983 \u06481988. \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Adeed Dawisha, “The Motives of Syria’s Involvement in Lebanon,” Middle East Journal<\/em> 38, no. 2 (1984): 228-236, http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4326796<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
4<\/sup> Mohammed Daraghmeh and Fares Akram, “Palestinian president to dissolve parliament, Hamas irate,” AP News<\/em>, December 22, 2018, https:\/\/apnews.com\/general-news-dafe379cb9a245a49f41407d6957b2e2<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
5<\/sup> Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research (PCPSR), Public Opinion Poll No. 89, September 2023, https:\/\/www.pcpsr.org\/en\/node\/955<\/a>; PCPSR, Public Opinion Poll No. 90, December 2023, https:\/\/pcpsr.org\/en\/node\/963<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
6<\/sup> Khaled Elgindy, “The Fall and Fall of Mahmoud Abbas,” Foreign Affairs<\/em>, August 30, 2024, https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/palestinian-territories\/fall-and-fall-mahmoud-abbas<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
7<\/sup> Khaled Elgindy, “Egypt, Israel, Palestine: Prospects for Peace After the Arab Spring,” Cairo Review on Global Affairs<\/em>, June 2012, https:\/\/www.thecairoreview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/CR6-Elgindy.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
8<\/sup> Karim Haggag, The shifting security landscape in the Middle East: An Egyptian Perspective<\/em>, MEI Perspectives Series 12 (Singapore: Middle East Institute at National University of Singapore, March 2019), 11, https:\/\/mei.nus.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Karim-Haggag.pdf<\/a>; Marc Lynch, “The Coming Arab Backlash,” Abu Aardvark’s MENA Academy<\/em> (Substack blog), April 22, 2024, https:\/\/abuaardvark.substack.com\/p\/the-coming-arab-backlash<\/a>; Yasmine Akrimi, “The Arab World, the Question of Palestine and the Spectrum of the Arab Spring,” Brussels International Center, April 4, 2024, https:\/\/www.bic-rhr.com\/research\/arab-world-question-palestine-and-spectrum-arab-spring<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
9<\/sup> Omar Shaban, “International Aid to the Palestinians: Between Politicization and Development,” Arab Center Washington DC, August 4, 2022, https:\/\/arabcenterdc.org\/resource\/international-aid-to-the-palestinians-between-politicization-and-development\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
10<\/sup> Raouf Farrah, “On the Road to Rafah\u2014The Sumud Convoy and New Maghrebi Geographies of Resistance,” Middle East Research and Information Project<\/em>, October 20, 2025, https:\/\/www.merip.org\/2025\/10\/on-the-road-to-rafah-the-sumud-convoy-and-new-maghrebi-geographies-of-resistance\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
11<\/sup> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 67 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 15 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, Arab Public Opinion about the Israeli War on Gaza<\/em> (Doha: Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, January 2024), https:\/\/www.dohainstitute.org\/en\/Lists\/ACRPS-PDFDocumentLibrary\/arab-opinion-war-on-gaza-full-report-en.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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