{"id":471012,"date":"2024-04-19T10:17:38","date_gmt":"2024-04-19T10:17:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=publication_chapters&p=471012"},"modified":"2024-05-22T09:42:24","modified_gmt":"2024-05-22T09:42:24","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"publication_chapters","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/publication_chapters\/%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n

\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2017. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0626\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a.14<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646.15<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064c \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628: “\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640 10 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 15 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629”.16<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 “\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645”\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646.26<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.27<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0628.28<\/sup><\/a> \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0647 “\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><\/span>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 <\/span>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644 <\/span>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 13 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644. \u0648<\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a <\/span>\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0650\u0631 <\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u0651<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u0642\u062f<\/span>\u0651<\/span>\u0645 <\/span>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 <\/span>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span>\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648<\/span>\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648<\/span>\u0651<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n
\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/h6>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><\/h6>\n
1 <\/sup>Parisa Hafezi, Nayera Abdallah and Aziz El Yaakoubi, \u201cIran and Saudi Arabia Agree to Resume Ties in Talks Brokered by China,\u201d Reuters, March 11, 2023, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/iran-saudi-arabia-agree-resume-ties-re-open-embassies-iranian-state-media-2023-03-10\/#:~:text=DUBAI%2FRIYADH%2C%20March%2010%20(,East%20from%20Yemen%20to%20Syria<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
2 <\/sup>Ehsan Mehrabi, \u201cSaudi Minister Nixes Press Conference in Room with Suleimani Photo,\u201d IranWire<\/em>, June 19, 2023, https:\/\/iranwire.com\/en\/politics\/117670-saudi-minister-nixes-press-conference-in-room-with-suleimani-photo\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
3 <\/sup>\u201cIran FM Warns Against Turning Sports into Political Lever,\u201d IRNA<\/em>, October 4, 2023, https:\/\/en.irna.ir\/news\/85247241\/Iran-FM-warns-against-turning-sports-into-political-lever<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
4 <\/sup>\u0635\u0627\u063a\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0648\u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0631\u062f\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/h6>\n
5 <\/sup>Richard Murphy, Differentiated Containment: U.S. Policy Toward Iran and Iraq<\/em>, (Washington, D.C.: Council on Foreign Relations, July 1, 1997), https:\/\/cdn.cfr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/pdf\/1998\/09\/Differentiated_Containment.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
6 <\/sup>Keyhan Barzegar, \u201cIran-Saudi Relations during the Rouhani Era\u201d [in Persian], Donyaye Eghtesad<\/em>, July 23, 2013, http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/3e9dx8f4<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
7 <\/sup>\u201cIran calls for security cooperation in Gulf,\u201d New York Times<\/em>, November 3, 2007, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2007\/12\/03\/world\/africa\/03iht-iran.3.8570254.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
8 <\/sup>\u201cSaudi king invites Ahmadinejad for haj-media,\u201d Reuters, December 12, 2007, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/idUSBLA252556\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
9 <\/sup>Ross Colvin, \u201c\u2018Cut Off Head of Snake\u2019 Saudis Told U.S. on Iran,\u201d Reuters, November 29, 2010, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-wikileaks-iran-saudis-idUSTRE6AS02B20101129\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
10 <\/sup>\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c “\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633: \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c <\/em>[\u0645\u0639\u062f] \u0647\u062f\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c 2012)\u060c 490-532\u060c https:\/\/www.dohainstitute.org\/ar\/BooksAndJournals\/Pages\/art258.aspx<\/a><\/h6>\n
11 <\/sup>\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0646 “\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621”\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 0.(\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018): 42-73\u060c https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/magazines\/book-1283<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
12 <\/sup>Mark Landler, \u201cTrump Abandons Iran Nuclear Deal He Long Scorned,\u201d The New York Times<\/em>, May 8, 2018, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/05\/08\/world\/middleeast\/trump-iran-nuclear-deal.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
13 <\/sup>Hassan Rouhani, \u201cHope Initiative: We Seek Mutual Cooperation with the Countries of the Persian Gulf Region\u201d [in Persian], Online Video, Hassan Rouhani, recorded July 1, 1998, accessed October 7, 2023, http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/7m52ycbe<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
14 <\/sup>Erin Cunningham and Kareem Fahim, \u201cRaisi says Iran\u2019s ballistic missiles are \u2018not negotiable\u2019 \u2014 and he doesn\u2019t want to meet Biden,\u201d The Washington Post, June 21, 2021, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/2021\/06\/21\/iran-nuclear-power-plant-bushehr\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
15 <\/sup>Stephen Kalin, Summer Said, and Felicia Schwartz, \u201cSaudi Royal Family Divides Over Potential Embrace of Israel,\u201d The Wall Street Journal<\/em>, September 18, 2020, https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/saudi-royal-family-split-relations-israel-uae-bahrain-mbs-prince-king-11600446560<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
16 <\/sup>Margherita Stancati, \u201cSaudi Prince Calls for Stepped-Up Pressure on Iran,\u201d The Wall Street Journal<\/em>, March 29, 2018, https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/saudi-prince-calls-for-stepped-up-pressure-on-iran-1522365518<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
17 <\/sup>\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c “\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f”\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/em>\u060c 6 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5734<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
18 <\/sup>\u201cNuclear Agreement \u2013 JCPOA,\u201d European Union External Action Service, August 18, 2021, https:\/\/www.eeas.europa.eu\/eeas\/nuclear-agreement-%E2%80%93-jcpoa_en<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
19 <\/sup>\u201cRaisi says \u2018collective security\u2019 forms backbone of his foreign policy doctrine,\u201d Tehran Times<\/em>, June 25, 2021, https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/462412\/Raisi-says-collective-security-forms-backbone-of-his-foreign<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
20 <\/sup>Ibid.<\/h6>\n
21 <\/sup>Ibid.<\/h6>\n
22 <\/sup>Bill Chappell, \u201cIran’s Rouhani Touts Gulf Peace Plan, Says It Would Start With U.S. Troops Leaving,\u201d NPR<\/em>, September 25, 2019, https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2019\/09\/25\/764151698\/irans-rouhani-touts-gulf-peace-plan-says-it-would-start-with-u-s-troops-leaving<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
23 <\/sup>\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c “\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a: \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061f” \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 6 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2021\u060c https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2021\/07\/06\/iran-and-the-gulf\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
24 <\/sup>John Hudson, \u201cSaudi crown prince threatened \u2018major\u2019 economic pain on U.S. amid oil feud,\u201d The Washington Post<\/em>, June 8, 2023, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2023\/06\/08\/saudi-arabia-cut-oil-production\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
25 <\/sup>\u201cIran\u2019s Khamenei says UAE \u2018betrayed\u2019 Muslim world with Israel deal,\u201d Al Jazeera<\/em>, September 1, 2020, https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/9\/1\/irans-khamenei-says-uae-betrayed-muslim-world-with-israel-deal<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
26 <\/sup>\u201cMohebali, Former Director-General of the Middle East at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs: The Saudis\u2019 Goal Is to Establish Relations with Iran\u201d [in Persian], Iran Watch<\/em>, October 7, 2023, http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/5arsyjwz<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
27 <\/sup>\u201cGulf Arab States Label Hezbollah a Terrorist Organization,\u201d Reuters, March 2, 2016, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-gulf-hezbollah-idUSKCN0W40XF\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
28 <\/sup>\u201cIsrael Latest: Saudi Minister Says Talks on Ties Still on Table,\u201d Bloomberg News<\/em>, November 7, 2023, https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2023-11-07\/israel-latest-conflict-at-month-mark-with-no-signs-of-slowing<\/a>.<\/h6>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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