{"id":478000,"date":"2026-03-12T13:03:31","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T13:03:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=478000"},"modified":"2026-03-17T11:11:06","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T11:11:06","slug":"%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/publication\/%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0646\u062d\u0648<\/strong><strong> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0646: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h6><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><\/a> <a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote1\">1 <\/sup> Lyndal Rowlands et al., \u201cIran War Updates: IEA to Release Oil reserves; Ships Hit in Hormuz Strait,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, March 11, 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/liveblog\/2026\/3\/11\/iran-war-live-tehran-says-us-israel-hit-nearly-10000-civilian-sites\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/liveblog\/2026\/3\/11\/iran-war-live-tehran-says-us-israel-hit-nearly-10000-civilian-sites<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote2\">2 <\/sup> \u201c\u2018Reprehensible\u2019: New Wave of Iranian Missiles, Drones Target Gulf Nations,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, March 9, 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/3\/9\/reprehensible-new-wave-of-iranian-missiles-drones-target-gulf-nations\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/3\/9\/reprehensible-new-wave-of-iranian-missiles-drones-target-gulf-nations<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote3\">3 <\/sup> Sarah Shamim, \u201cIs Iran Expanding Attacks to Target Energy and Civilian Sites in the Gulf?,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, March 3, 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/3\/3\/is-iran-expanding-attacks-to-target-energy-and-civilian-sites-in-the-gulf\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/3\/3\/is-iran-expanding-attacks-to-target-energy-and-civilian-sites-in-the-gulf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote4\">4 <\/sup> Dana AlOmar, \u201cHow Each Gulf Country Is Intercepting Iranian Missiles and Drones,\u201d <em>Wired<\/em>, March 7, 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/how-each-gulf-country-is-intercepting-iranian-missiles-and-drones\/\">https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/how-each-gulf-country-is-intercepting-iranian-missiles-and-drones\/<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote5\">5 <\/sup> Mariel Ferragamo et al., \u201cU.S. Forces in the Middle East: Mapping the Military Presence,\u201d <em>Council on Foreign Relations<\/em>, June 23, 2025, \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/articles\/us-forces-middle-east-mapping-military-presence\">https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/articles\/us-forces-middle-east-mapping-military-presence<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote6\">6 <\/sup> Mariel Ferragamo et al., \u201cU.S. Forces in the Middle East: Mapping the Military Presence\u201d<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote7\">7 <\/sup> \u201cMapping US Troops and Military Bases in the Middle East,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, June 12, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2025\/6\/12\/mapping-us-troops-and-military-bases-in-the-middle-east\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2025\/6\/12\/mapping-us-troops-and-military-bases-in-the-middle-east<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote8\">8 <\/sup> Sarah Shamim, \u201cIs Iran Expanding Attacks to Target Energy and Civilian Sites in the Gulf?\u201d<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote9\">9 <\/sup> Martin Walker and David Fairhall, \u201cIraqi Missiles Strike Iran,\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>, January 18, 1991, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/1991\/jan\/18\/iraq.davidfairhall\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/1991\/jan\/18\/iraq.davidfairhall<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote10\">10 <\/sup> Barbara Slavin and Abbas Kadhim, \u201cIran \u2018Won\u2019 the War with Iraq but at a Heavy Price,\u201d <em>Atlantic Council<\/em>, September 22, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/iransource\/iran-won-the-war-with-iraq-but-at-a-heavy-price\/\">https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/iransource\/iran-won-the-war-with-iraq-but-at-a-heavy-price\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote11\">11 <\/sup> \u201cAmid Regional Conflict, the Strait of Hormuz Remains Critical Oil Chokepoint,\u201d <em>US Energy Information Administration<\/em>, June 16, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=65504\">https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=65504<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote12\">12 <\/sup> \u201cNot \u2018a Litre of Oil\u2019 to Pass Strait of Hormuz, Expect $200 Price Tag: Iran,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, March 11, 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/3\/11\/irans-irgc-says-not-one-litre-of-oil-will-get-through-strait-of-hormuz\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/3\/11\/irans-irgc-says-not-one-litre-of-oil-will-get-through-strait-of-hormuz<\/a><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":477847,"template":"","categories":[64],"institution":[],"geographic_area":[],"programs":[],"publication_type":[91],"class_list":["post-478000","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-64","publication_type-91","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/478000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=478000"},{"taxonomy":"institution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/institution?post=478000"},{"taxonomy":"geographic_area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/geographic_area?post=478000"},{"taxonomy":"programs","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/programs?post=478000"},{"taxonomy":"publication_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_type?post=478000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}