{"id":477188,"date":"2025-12-22T04:12:27","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T04:12:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=publication&p=477188"},"modified":"2026-01-18T12:17:57","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T12:17:57","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%91%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%86%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%91%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%86%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0629: \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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<\/h3>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\n
\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><\/h6>\n
1 <\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646) \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/h6>\n
2 <\/sup> United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees \u201cLibya in Turmoil: Crisis in Libya: Dying for a Chance to Live,\u201d accessed December 15, 2025, https:\/\/www.unhcr.ca\/our-work\/emergencies\/libya\/<\/a>; International\u00a0Organization\u00a0for\u00a0Migration, Libya Crisis Response Plan 2025-2026,<\/em> accessed October 23, 2025, https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/bdb68fjw.<\/a><\/h6>\n
3 <\/sup> United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia, \u201cCost of Conflict in Libya Exceeds $576 Billion, ESCWA Study Finds,\u201d accessed October 23, 2025, https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/6saycrnm<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
4 <\/sup> International Organization for Migration, Yemen Crisis Response Plan 2025,<\/em> accessed October 23, 2025, https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/3mpfmwax<\/a>; World Bank, \u201cEconomic Fragmentation and External Shocks Hamper Yemen\u2019s Recovery Path,\u201d June 2, 2025, accessed October 23, 2025, https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/2rej2p89<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
5 <\/sup> United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, \u201cSudan Situation, Data Portal,\u201d accessed October 23, 2025, https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/4xhks8p6<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
6 <\/sup> World Bank, Sudan Economic Update May 2025: The Economic and Social Consequences of the Conflict: Charting a Path to Recovery<\/em>, accessed October 23 2025, https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/099051925180542315\/pdf\/P178527-6a7d4d70-52be-49b7-87e5-ead89050a99b.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
7 <\/sup> \u201cSudan War Shatters Infrastructure, Costly Rebuild Needed,\u201d Reuters<\/em>, May 28, 2025, accessed October 23, 2025, https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/africa\/sudan-war-shatters-infrastructure-costly-rebuild-needed-2025-05-28\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
8 <\/sup> \u201cConflict Resolution in Yemen Today: A Report for the German Development Cooperation\u201d, GTZ Discussion Paper, 2006.<\/h6>\n
9 <\/sup> Rim Mugahed, \u201cTribes and the State in Yemen\u201d, Sana\u2019a Center for Strategic Studies, June 14, 2022, https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/publications\/main-publications\/16156<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
10 <\/sup> One of the authors has previously attended such an arbitration gathering.<\/h6>\n
11 <\/sup> \u201cConflict Resolution in Yemen Today: A Report for the German Development Cooperation\u201d, GTZ Discussion Paper, 2006.<\/h6>\n
12 <\/sup> Rim Mugahed, \u201cTribes and the State in Yemen\u201d, Sana\u2019a Center for Strategic Studies, June 14, 2022, https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/publications\/main-publications\/16156<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
13 <\/sup> \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/h6>\n
14 <\/sup> \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646… \u0641\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0651\u062a\u0647”\u060c “\u0631\u0635\u064a\u064122″\u060c 12 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: https:\/\/raseef22.net\/article\/1086838<\/a><\/h6>\n
15 <\/sup> “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632”\u060c “\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u062f”\u060c “\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632”\u060c 14 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2025\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: https:\/\/www.babnews.net\/news\/6617<\/a><\/h6>\n
16 <\/sup> Norwegian Refugee Council, \u201cRepairing Fractured Landscapes: Challenges and Opportunities for Resolving Disputes over Land, 64 Housing, Water and Other Natural Resources in Yemen\u201d<\/em> (Oslo: NRC, 2019), 39, https:\/\/www.nrc.no\/globalassets\/pdf\/reports\/repairing-fractures-landscapes\/repairing-fractured-landscapes—challenges-and-opportunities-for-resolving-disputes-over-land-housing-water-and-other-natural- .resources-in-yemen.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
17 <\/sup> Alice Alunni,\u00a0 Mark Calder, and Stefanie Kappler, Enduring Social Institutions and Civil Society Peacebuilding in Libya and Syria<\/em>, (London: British Council, 2017), https:\/\/www.britishcouncil.org\/research-insight\/peacebuilding-libya-syria<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
18 <\/sup> Amal Obeidi, \u201cLocal Reconciliations in Libya: A Precarious Balance Sheet\u201d, The Legal Agenda<\/em>, April 30, 2019, https:\/\/english.legal-agenda.com\/local-reconciliations-in-libya-a-precarious-balance-sheet\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n
19 <\/sup> Jos\u00e9 S.Vericat,\u00a0 and Mosadek Hobrara, From the Ground UP: UN Support to Local Mediation in Libya,<\/em> (New York: International Peace Institute, 2018), 1, https:\/\/www.ipinst.org\/2018\/06\/un-support-to-local-mediation-libya<\/a><\/h6>\n
20 <\/sup> Christopher Thornton, \u201cThe Libyan Carousel: The Interaction of Local and National Conflict Dynamics in Libya\u201d, in Conflict, Stability and Local Peace Processes, <\/em>ed.\u00a0 Christine Bell, Jan Pospisil, and Laura Wise (Stadtschlaining, Austria: Austrian Study Centre for Peace and Conflict Resolution [ASPR] and Political Settlements Research Programme [PSRP], September 2021), 22-29.<\/h6>\n
21 <\/sup> Wolfram Lacher, Libya\u2019s Fragmentation: Structure and Process in Violent Conflict<\/em> (London: I.B. Tauris, 2020), pp. 133\u2013136, 172\u2013175.<\/h6>\n
22 <\/sup> “\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0631”\u060c “\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646”\u060c 28 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c https:\/\/sudantribune.net\/article\/291454<\/a><\/h6>\n
23 <\/sup> “\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0652\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufea4\ufeaa\ufef3\ufe8e\u062a \u0648\u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\u0635”\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a”\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2024\u060c https:\/\/sudantransparency.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ElFasherAR.pdf<\/a><\/h6>\n
24 <\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647: \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0627\u0631.\u00a0 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629. ;”\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0631: \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646”\u060c “\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646”\u060c 8 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023\u060c https:\/\/3ayin.com\/social-peace\/<\/a><\/h6>\n
25 <\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u060c “\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u061f”\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629”\u060c 31 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2025\u060c https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/politics\/2025\/5\/31\/\u0645\u0627-\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621-\u0639\u0632\u0644-\u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621-\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644-\u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a-\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h6>\n
26 <\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0631. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0643\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/h6>\n
27 <\/sup> \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646… \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u061f”\u060c\u00a0 “\u0625\u0646\u062f\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0646\u062a” \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629”\u060c 1 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2023\u060c https:\/\/www.independentarabia.com\/node\/446416\/\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\/\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646-\u0647\u0644-\u0645\u0646-\u062f\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u061f<\/a><\/h6>\n
28 <\/sup> \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649\u060c “\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 (\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0640\u0648\u0631)”\u060c “\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629”\u060c 9 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2019\u060c https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/\u0623\u062b\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\/\u061b<\/a> “\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f” “\u0628\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a”\u060c 22 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2022\u060c https:\/\/www.beamreports.com\/2022\/05\/22\/\u0643\u064a\u0641-\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631-\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\/<\/a><\/h6>\n

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