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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL))<a href=\"#endnote8\"><sup>8<\/sup><\/a> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0645 (LFP)\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 36,8 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2024.<a href=\"#endnote9\"><sup>9<\/sup><\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0622\u064a \u062f\u064a&#8221; (Biyadi \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0650 \u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643&#8221;) \u2013\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0627 (Tesla) \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#endnote10\"><sup>10<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2024 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a 1)\u060c \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0644&#8221; (CATL)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0622\u064a \u062f\u064a&#8221; (BYD)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628&#8221; (CALB)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u063a\u0648\u0634\u0646&#8221; ((Gotion\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0625\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0646\u0631\u062c\u064a&#8221; (Eve Energy) \u0648&#8221;\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0627&#8221; \u060c(Sunwoda) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0625\u0644 \u062c\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0634\u0646&#8221; (LG Energy Solution) \u0648&#8221;\u0623\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0646&#8221; (SK On)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646\u062c \u0625\u0633 \u062f\u064a \u0622\u064a&#8221; (Samsung SDI)\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 (\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a 1: \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 <\/strong><strong>2024<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content lazyload\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" data-src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/22291598\/embed#?secret=RuBPRr6Pyl\" data-secret=\"RuBPRr6Pyl\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" height=\"575\" width=\"700\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/strong>: \u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062c\u060c &#8220;\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<a href=\"#endnote11\"><sup>11<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a 3).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a 3: \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c 2022 \u06482023<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content lazyload\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" data-src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/22293952\/embed#?secret=4ThOxIRpXX\" data-secret=\"4ThOxIRpXX\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" height=\"575\" width=\"700\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646: <\/strong>&#8220;Statista Market Insights&#8221;\u060c \u201cElectric Vehicles \u2013 United Arab Emirates\u201d; Salma Saleh, \u201cVolume of electric vehicle sales in the United Arab Emirates from 2017 to 2029 (in 1,000s)\u201d; \u201cUAE Electric Vehicle Market Size, Share and EV Demand\u201d; \u201ceMobility Outlook 2024,\u201d PwC; Santiago Castillo, Arvind CJ and Smriti Priya, \u201cEV Charging Index: Expert insight from the GCC region.\u201d <a href=\"#endnote28\"><sup>28<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 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\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0622\u0631\u062a\u0634\u0631&#8221; (Archer)\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Joby Aviation) (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 &#8221; Uber Elevate&#8221;\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;UBER&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b) \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0625\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221; (Xpeng)\u060c \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633&#8221; (Hanhwa Aerospace) \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<a href=\"#endnote29\"><sup>29<\/sup><\/a>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a 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\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0632&#8221; (Lucid Group) (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621).<a href=\"#endnote32\"><sup>32<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629.<a href=\"#endnote33\"><sup>33<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0644&#8221; (Apple)\u060c &#8220;\u0641\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646&#8221; (Foxconn)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0625\u0646\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627&#8221; (Nvidia) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2022.<a href=\"#endnote34\"><sup>34<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0632&#8221; (Human Horizons) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2023\u060c<a href=\"#endnote35\"><sup>35<\/sup><\/a> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2024 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 &#8220;\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631&#8221; (HMG) \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643&#8221; (IONIQ) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 70 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a 30 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629.<a href=\"#endnote36\"><sup>36<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 2,18 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0632&#8221;) \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 (\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (EDS): \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629).<a href=\"#endnote37\"><sup>37<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0633\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0651\u0637 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627\u064a&#8221;\u060c<a href=\"#endnote38\"><sup>38<\/sup><\/a> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0641\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646&#8221;.<a href=\"#endnote39\"><sup>39<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c<a href=\"#endnote40\"><sup>40<\/sup><\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629.<a href=\"#endnote41\"><sup>41<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><strong>\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 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\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h6><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote1\">1 <\/sup> Statista Market Insights, \u201cElectric Vehicles \u2013 GCC,\u201d Statista, November 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/outlook\/mmo\/electric-vehicles\/gcc\">https:\/\/www.statista.com\/outlook\/mmo\/electric-vehicles\/gcc<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote2\">2 <\/sup> Agence France-Presse, \u201cIn fuel-guzzling Saudi Arabia, electric cars pique interest,\u201d <em>The Business Times<\/em>, July 24, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.businesstimes.com.sg\/companies-markets\/transport-logistics\/fuel-guzzling-saudi-arabia-electric-cars-pique-interest\">https:\/\/www.businesstimes.com.sg\/companies-markets\/transport-logistics\/fuel-guzzling-saudi-arabia-electric-cars-pique-interest<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote3\">3 <\/sup> \u201cBYD Chalks Up New Record as It Narrows EV Sales Gap With Tesla,\u201d <em>Bloomberg<\/em>, January 1, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2025-01-01\/byd-chalks-up-new-record-as-it-narrows-ev-sales-gap-with-tesla\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2025-01-01\/byd-chalks-up-new-record-as-it-narrows-ev-sales-gap-with-tesla<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote4\">4 <\/sup> \u201cCommission Investigation Provisionally Concludes that Electric Vehicle Value Chains in China Benefit from Unfair Subsidies,\u201d The European Commission<em>,<\/em> June 12, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_24_3231\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_24_3231<\/a>;<\/h6>\n<h6>\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a)\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a (EIT) \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0651\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote5\">5 <\/sup> Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022, H.R.5376 &#8211; 117th Congress (2021-2022) of the United States, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/5376\/text\">https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/5376\/text<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote6\">6 <\/sup> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a (\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0640\u0640 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote7\">7 <\/sup> Evelyn Cheng, \u201cChina has Spent at Least $230 Billion to Build its EV Industry, New Study Finds,\u201d <em>CNBC<\/em>, June 21, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2024\/06\/21\/china-spent-230-billion-to-build-its-electric-car-industry-csis-says.html\">https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2024\/06\/21\/china-spent-230-billion-to-build-its-electric-car-industry-csis-says.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote8\">8 <\/sup> \u201cContemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, <em>Bloomberg<\/em>, accessed March 9, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/300750:CH#:~:text=Contemporary%20Amperex%20Technology%20Co.%2C%20Limited,also%20provides%20batteries%20recycling%20services\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/300750:CH#:~:text=Contemporary%20Amperex%20Technology%20Co.%2C%20Limited,also%20provides%20batteries%20recycling%20services<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote9\">9 <\/sup> Lei Kang, \u201cGlobal EV Battery Market Share in Jan-Nov 2024: CATL 36.8%, BYD 17.1%,\u201d <em>Cnevpost<\/em>, January 5, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/cnevpost.com\/2025\/01\/06\/global-ev-battery-market-share-jan-nov-2024\/\">https:\/\/cnevpost.com\/2025\/01\/06\/global-ev-battery-market-share-jan-nov-2024\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote10\">10 <\/sup> \u201cBYD Company Limited,\u201d <em>Bloomberg<\/em>, accessed March 10, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/002594:CH\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/profile\/company\/002594:CH<\/a>; Shizuka Tanabe, \u201cBYD Challenges CATL&#8217;s EV Battery Crown in China,\u201d <em>Nikkei Asia,<\/em> December 13, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Spotlight\/Electric-cars-in-China\/BYD-challenges-CATL-s-EV-battery-crown-in-China\">https:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Spotlight\/Electric-cars-in-China\/BYD-challenges-CATL-s-EV-battery-crown-in-China<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote11\">11 <\/sup> Lei Kang, \u201cGlobal EV Battery Market Share.\u201d<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote12\">12 <\/sup> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0631\u064f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote13\">13 <\/sup> Jie Bai, Panle Jia Barwick, Shengmao Cao, and Shanjun Li, \u201cQuid Pro Quo, Knowledge Spillover, and Industrial Quality Upgrades: Evidence from the Chinese Auto Industry,\u201d Working Paper, <em>National Bureau of Economic Research<\/em>, November 2022, https:\/\/www.doi.org\/ 10.3386\/w27644.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote14\">14 <\/sup> \u201cTrends in electric vehicle batteries,\u201d <em>International Energy Agency (IEA),<\/em> 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/global-ev-outlook-2024\/trends-in-electric-vehicle-batteries\">https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/global-ev-outlook-2024\/trends-in-electric-vehicle-batteries<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote15\">15 <\/sup> Ryan Featherston, \u201cSlamming the Brakes: The EU Votes to Impose Tariffs on Chinese EVs,\u201d <em>Center for Strategic &amp; International Studies <\/em>(blog), December 16, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.csis.org\/blogs\/trustee-china-hand\/slamming-brakes-eu-votes-impose-tariffs-chinese-evs\">https:\/\/www.csis.org\/blogs\/trustee-china-hand\/slamming-brakes-eu-votes-impose-tariffs-chinese-evs<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote16\">16 <\/sup> Notice of Modification: China&#8217;s Acts, Policies and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property and Innovation, 2024-21217 (89 FR 76581), Trade Representative, Office of United States on 09\/18\/2024, <em>Federal Register<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2024\/09\/18\/2024-21217\/notice-of-modification-chinas-acts-policies-and-practices-related-to-technology-transfer\">https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2024\/09\/18\/2024-21217\/notice-of-modification-chinas-acts-policies-and-practices-related-to-technology-transfer<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote17\">17 <\/sup> \u201cChina Strongly Opposes U.S. Tariff Hikes, Pledging Measures to Defend Rights,\u201d <em>Reuters<\/em>, May 14, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/china-strongly-opposes-us-tariff-hikes-pledging-measures-defend-rights-2024-05-14\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/china-strongly-opposes-us-tariff-hikes-pledging-measures-defend-rights-2024-05-14\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote18\">18 <\/sup> Philip Blenkinsop, \u201cEU hits Chinese EVs with tariffs, drawing rebuke from Beijing,\u201d <em>Reuters<\/em>, June 12, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/autos-transportation\/eu-impose-multi-billion-euro-tariffs-chinese-evs-ft-reports-2024-06-12\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/autos-transportation\/eu-impose-multi-billion-euro-tariffs-chinese-evs-ft-reports-2024-06-12\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote19\">19 <\/sup> \u201cChina initiates dispute complaint regarding EU definitive duties on electric vehicles,\u201d World Trade Organization, November 6, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/news_e\/news24_e\/ds630rfc_06nov24_e.htm\">https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/news_e\/news24_e\/ds630rfc_06nov24_e.htm<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote20\">20 <\/sup> Peter Van den Bossche, \u2018The Demise of the WTO Appellate Body: Lessons for Governance of International Adjudication?\u2019 WTI Working Paper No. 02\/2021, World Trade Institute. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wti.org\/media\/filer_public\/c2\/ef\/c2efc2de-ce85-45c7-9512-9286e14fca47\/wti_working_paper_02_2021.pdf\">https:\/\/www.wti.org\/media\/filer_public\/c2\/ef\/c2efc2de-ce85-45c7-9512-9286e14fca47\/wti_working_paper_02_2021.pdf<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote21\">21 <\/sup> David Lawder and Andrea Shalal, \u201cTrump Delivers Fresh Tariff Threats Against EU and China,\u201d <em>Reuters<\/em>, January 22, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/trump-says-he-is-discussing-10-tariff-china-feb-1-2025-01-21\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/trump-says-he-is-discussing-10-tariff-china-feb-1-2025-01-21\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote22\">22 <\/sup> Stephen Stapczynski, \u201cChina to Levy Tax on Some Commodities Imported from U.S.,\u201d <em>Bloomberg<\/em>, February 3, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2025-02-04\/china-to-levy-tax-on-some-commodities-imported-from-us\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2025-02-04\/china-to-levy-tax-on-some-commodities-imported-from-us<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote23\">23 <\/sup> \u201cCommission responds to unjustified US steel and aluminium tariffs with countermeasures,\u201d Press Release, European Commission, March 12, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_25_740\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_25_740<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote24\">24 <\/sup> Jarrett Renshaw, Chris Kirkham and Nora Eckert, \u201cExclusive: Trump&#8217;s Transition Team Aims to Kill Biden EV Tax Credit,\u201d Reuters, November 15, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/autos-transportation\/trumps-transition-team-aims-kill-biden-ev-tax-credit-2024-11-14\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/autos-transportation\/trumps-transition-team-aims-kill-biden-ev-tax-credit-2024-11-14\/<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote25\">25 <\/sup> Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote26\">26 <\/sup> Chad P. Bown, \u201cIndustrial policy for electric vehicle supply chains and the US-EU fight over the Inflation Reduction Act,\u201d Working Papers 23-1, <em>Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE)<\/em>, May 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.piie.com\/publications\/working-papers\/2023\/industrial-policy-electric-vehicle-supply-chains-and-us-eu-fight\">https:\/\/www.piie.com\/publications\/working-papers\/2023\/industrial-policy-electric-vehicle-supply-chains-and-us-eu-fight<\/a>; Chad P. Bown, \u201cHow the United States solved South Korea\u2019s problems with electric vehicle subsidies under the Inflation Reduction Act,\u201d Working Papers 23-6, <em>Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE)<\/em>, July 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.piie.com\/publications\/working-papers\/2023\/how-united-states-solved-south-koreas-problems-electric-vehicle\">https:\/\/www.piie.com\/publications\/working-papers\/2023\/how-united-states-solved-south-koreas-problems-electric-vehicle<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote27\">27 <\/sup> \u201cCredits for new clean vehicles purchased in 2023 or after,\u201d Internal Revenue Service (IRS), accessed March 12, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/credits-deductions\/credits-for-new-clean-vehicles-purchased-in-2023-or-after\">https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/credits-deductions\/credits-for-new-clean-vehicles-purchased-in-2023-or-after<\/a>; \u201cClean vehicle tax credits,\u201d Internal Revenue Service (IRS), accessed March 12, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/clean-vehicle-tax-credits\">https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/clean-vehicle-tax-credits<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote28\">28 <\/sup> Statista Market Insights, \u201cElectric Vehicles \u2013 United Arab Emirates,\u201d <em>Statista<\/em>, accessed March 11, 20205, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/outlook\/mmo\/electric-vehicles\/united-arab-emirates#unit-sales\">https:\/\/www.statista.com\/outlook\/mmo\/electric-vehicles\/united-arab-emirates#unit-sales<\/a>; Salma Saleh, \u201cVolume of electric vehicle sales in the United Arab Emirates from 2017 to 2029 (in 1,000s),\u201d <em>Statista<\/em>, November 13, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1423698\/uae-number-of-ev-sold\/\">https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1423698\/uae-number-of-ev-sold\/<\/a>; \u201cUAE Electric Vehicle Market<\/h6>\n<h6>Size, Share and EV Demand,\u201d citaevcharger.com (blog), November 22, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/citaevcharger.com\/blog\/uae-electric-vehicle-market-size\/\">https:\/\/citaevcharger.com\/blog\/uae-electric-vehicle-market-size\/<\/a>; \u201ceMobility Outlook 2024,\u201d <em>PwC, <\/em>accessed March 11, 2025,<\/h6>\n<h6><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pwc.com\/m1\/en\/publications\/documents\/2024\/emobility-outlook-2024-uae-edition.pdf\">https:\/\/www.pwc.com\/m1\/en\/publications\/documents\/2024\/emobility-outlook-2024-uae-edition.pdf<\/a>; Santiago Castillo, Arvind CJ and Smriti Priya, \u201cEV Charging Index: Expert insight from the GCC region,\u201d <em>Roland Berger,<\/em> July 10, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rolandberger.com\/en\/Insights\/Publications\/EV-Charging-Index-Expert-insight-from-the-GCC-region.html\">https:\/\/www.rolandberger.com\/en\/Insights\/Publications\/EV-Charging-Index-Expert-insight-from-the-GCC-region.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote29\">29 <\/sup> Sarwat Nasir, \u201cAir Taxi Company Set for 2025 Abu Dhabi Launch Aims to be Uber of the Skies,\u201d <em>The National<\/em>, November 25, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2024\/11\/25\/air-taxi-company-set-for-2025-abu-dhabi-launch-aims-to-be-uber-of-the-skies\/\">https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/news\/uae\/2024\/11\/25\/air-taxi-company-set-for-2025-abu-dhabi-launch-aims-to-be-uber-of-the-skies\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote30\">30 <\/sup> Sanaullah Ataullah, \u201cKahramaa Sets up 200 EV Charging Stations,\u201d <em>The Peninsula<\/em>, January 14, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/14\/01\/2024\/kahramaa-sets-up-200-ev-charging-stations\">https:\/\/thepeninsulaqatar.com\/article\/14\/01\/2024\/kahramaa-sets-up-200-ev-charging-stations<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote31\">31 <\/sup> Pesha Magid, \u201cRiyadh&#8217;s Multi-Billion EV Dream Risks Crashing into Reality,\u201d <em>Reuters, <\/em>January 24, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/autos-transportation\/riyadhs-multi-billion-ev-dream-risks-crashing-into-reality-2024-01-23\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/autos-transportation\/riyadhs-multi-billion-ev-dream-risks-crashing-into-reality-2024-01-23\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote32\">32 <\/sup> \u201cLucid Motors Closes $1BN+ Investment from the Public Investment Fund of Saudi Arabia,\u201d <em>Lucid Motors<\/em>, April 3, 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/lucidmotors.com\/media-room\/lucid-motors-closes-1bn-investment-public-investment-fund-saudi-arabia\">https:\/\/lucidmotors.com\/media-room\/lucid-motors-closes-1bn-investment-public-investment-fund-saudi-arabia<\/a>; \u201cLucid CEO Says Struggling EV Maker Is Crucial to Saudi Arabia,\u201d <em>Bloomberg<\/em>, February 27, 2024,<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote33\">33 <\/sup> \u201cLucid Group makes history in Saudi Arabia as it opens country\u2019s first-ever car manufacturing facility,\u201d Public Investment Fund, September 27, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pif.gov.sa\/en\/news-and-insights\/newswire\/2023\/lucid-group-makes-history-in-saudi-arabia-as-it-opens-country-first-ever-car-manufacturing-facility\/\">https:\/\/www.pif.gov.sa\/en\/news-and-insights\/newswire\/2023\/lucid-group-makes-history-in-saudi-arabia-as-it-opens-country-first-ever-car-manufacturing-facility\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote34\">34 <\/sup> \u201cHRH Crown Prince Launches Ceer, the First Saudi Electric Vehicle Brand,\u201d Foxconn (Hon Hai Technology Group), November 3, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foxconn.com\/en-us\/press-center\/press-releases\/latest-news\/912\">https:\/\/www.foxconn.com\/en-us\/press-center\/press-releases\/latest-news\/912<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote35\">35 <\/sup> \u2018Saudi PIF in Talks to Invest in Chinese EV Maker,\u2019 <em>Bloomberg<\/em>, November 7, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2023-11-07\/saudi-pif-said-in-talks-to-invest-in-chinese-hiphi-ev-maker\">https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2023-11-07\/saudi-pif-said-in-talks-to-invest-in-chinese-hiphi-ev-maker<\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote36\">36 <\/sup> Angel Sergeev, \u201cHyundai Building New Plant In Saudi Arabia For Combustion, Electric Vehicles,\u201d <em>Motor 1<\/em>, October 24, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.motor1.com\/news\/692856\/hyundai-new-plant-saudi-arabia\/\">https:\/\/www.motor1.com\/news\/692856\/hyundai-new-plant-saudi-arabia\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote37\">37 <\/sup> \u201cSaudi Arabia\u2019s Ceer Signs $2bn Deal with Hyundai Transys to Supply EV Drive Systems,\u201d <em>Arab News,<\/em> June 11, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/2528476\/business-economy\">https:\/\/www.arabnews.com\/node\/2528476\/business-economy<\/a>; \u201cPIF and Hyundai Motor Company Sign Joint Venture Agreement to Establish New Automotive Manufacturing Plant in Saudi Arabia,\u201d Hyundai, October 23, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hyundai.com\/worldwide\/en\/newsroom\/detail\/pif-and-hyundai-motor-company-sign-joint-venture-agreement-to-establish-new-automotive-manufacturing-plant-in-saudi-arabia%2509%2509%2509%2509-0000000334\">https:\/\/www.hyundai.com\/worldwide\/en\/newsroom\/detail\/pif-and-hyundai-motor-company-sign-joint-venture-agreement-to-establish-new-automotive-manufacturing-plant-in-saudi-arabia%2509%2509%2509%2509-0000000334<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote38\">38 <\/sup> \u201cCeer Signs SAR 8.2 billion (USD 2.18 billion) Contract for the Supply of Hyundai Transys\u2019 Advanced Electric Vehicle Drive Systems,\u201d Ceer, June 11, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/ceermotors.com\/ceer-signs-sar-8-2-billion-usd-2-18-billion-contract-for-the-supply-of-hyundai-transys-advanced-electric-vehicle-drive-systems\/\">https:\/\/ceermotors.com\/ceer-signs-sar-8-2-billion-usd-2-18-billion-contract-for-the-supply-of-hyundai-transys-advanced-electric-vehicle-drive-systems\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote39\">39 <\/sup> Monica Chen, Hsinchu and Eifeh Strom, \u201cCeer Places Orders with Foxconn for Level 3 Autonomous Driving,\u201d <em>Digitimes<\/em>, January 18, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.digitimes.com\/news\/a20230117PD210\/ceer-foxconn.html\">https:\/\/www.digitimes.com\/news\/a20230117PD210\/ceer-foxconn.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote40\">40 <\/sup> Stephen Kalin, Julie Steinberg and Summer Said, \u201cTesla, Saudi Arabia in Early Talks for EV Factory,\u201d <em>The Wall Street Journal<\/em>, September 18, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/business\/autos\/tesla-saudi-arabia-in-early-talks-for-ev-factory-240cd075\"><em>https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/business\/autos\/tesla-saudi-arabia-in-early-talks-for-ev-factory-240cd075<\/em><\/a><\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote41\">41 <\/sup> Megha Merani, \u201cTesla to Enter Saudi Arabia within Months,\u201d <em>Arabian Gulf Business Insight<\/em>, January 16, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.agbi.com\/transport\/2025\/01\/exclusive-tesla-to-enter-saudi-arabia-within-months\/\">https:\/\/www.agbi.com\/transport\/2025\/01\/exclusive-tesla-to-enter-saudi-arabia-within-months\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote42\">42 <\/sup> Son Ji-hyoung, \u201cYoon visits Hyundai Motor&#8217;s AI-powered factory in Singapore,\u201d <em>The Korea Herald<\/em>, October 8, 2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.koreaherald.com\/article\/3489834\">https:\/\/www.koreaherald.com\/article\/3489834<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote43\">43 <\/sup> Kan Hyeong-woo, \u201cFrom the Scene: Hyundai Motor looks into future of auto production in Singapore,\u201d <em>The Korea Herald<\/em>, November 21, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.koreaherald.com\/article\/3261937\">https:\/\/www.koreaherald.com\/article\/3261937<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote44\">44 <\/sup> \u201cHyundai Motor Group Completes Acquisition of Boston Dynamics from Softbank,\u201d Press release, Boston Dynamics, June 21, 2021. <a href=\"https:\/\/bostondynamics.com\/news\/hyundai-motor-group-completes-acquisition-of-boston-dynamics-from-softbank\/\">https:\/\/bostondynamics.com\/news\/hyundai-motor-group-completes-acquisition-of-boston-dynamics-from-softbank\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote45\">45 <\/sup> Hyeong-woo, \u201cFrom the Scene: Hyundai Motor looks into future of auto production in Singapore.\u201d<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote46\">46 <\/sup> National Electric Vehicles Policy, Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority of the United Arab Emirates, August 2, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/u.ae\/en\/about-the-uae\/strategies-initiatives-and-awards\/policies\/transport-and-infrastructure\/national-electric-vehicles-policy\">https:\/\/u.ae\/en\/about-the-uae\/strategies-initiatives-and-awards\/policies\/transport-and-infrastructure\/national-electric-vehicles-policy<\/a>; Technical Regulation for Electric Batteries, Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO), approved in the meeting of SASO board of directors No.(166) held on September 13, 2018,<\/h6>\n<h6><a href=\"https:\/\/saso.gov.sa\/en\/Laws-And-Regulations\/Technical_regulations\/Documents\/TR-Electric-Batteries.pdf\">https:\/\/saso.gov.sa\/en\/Laws-And-Regulations\/Technical_regulations\/Documents\/TR-Electric-Batteries.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><sup id=\"endnote47\">47 <\/sup> Securing the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain: Connected Vehicles, 2025-00592 (90 FR 5360), Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS), US Department of Commerce, <em>Federal Register,<\/em> January 16, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/01\/16\/2025-00592\/securing-the-information-and-communications-technology-and-services-supply-chain-connected-vehicles\">https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/01\/16\/2025-00592\/securing-the-information-and-communications-technology-and-services-supply-chain-connected-vehicles<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6><\/h6>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":474314,"template":"","categories":[64],"institution":[],"geographic_area":[80],"programs":[],"publication_type":[90],"class_list":["post-474437","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-64","geographic_area-80","publication_type-90","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/474437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/474314"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=474437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=474437"},{"taxonomy":"institution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/institution?post=474437"},{"taxonomy":"geographic_area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/geographic_area?post=474437"},{"taxonomy":"programs","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/programs?post=474437"},{"taxonomy":"publication_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_type?post=474437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}