{"id":471776,"date":"2024-07-28T11:42:44","date_gmt":"2024-07-28T11:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=471776"},"modified":"2024-08-11T15:10:34","modified_gmt":"2024-08-11T15:10:34","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629: \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 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\u0648&#8221;\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f-136&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628.<a href=\"#endnote50\"><sup>50<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2023\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 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style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u062a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c<\/strong><a href=\"#endnote52\"><sup>52<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-471793 size-large lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-04-1024x975.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"714\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-04-1024x975.png 1024w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-04-300x286.png 300w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-04-768x731.png 768w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-04-1536x1463.png 1536w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-04-2048x1950.png 2048w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-04-1568x1493.png 1568w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 750px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 750\/714;\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/strong>.<a href=\"#endnote53\"><sup>53<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-471791 size-large lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-03-1024x507.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"371\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-03-1024x507.png 1024w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-03-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-03-768x380.png 768w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-03-1536x760.png 1536w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-03-2048x1014.png 2048w, https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/iranian-DM-03-1568x776.png 1568w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 750px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 750\/371;\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644&#8221;<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 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\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<a href=\"#endnote54\"><sup>54<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0642\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2022\u060c \u0632\u0639\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2024\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\"><\/a><a href=\"#_ednref50\" name=\"_edn50\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote1\">1 <\/sup>\u201cAmerica\u2019s designs behind planned riots in Iran,\u201d <em>Fars News<\/em>, November 9, 2022 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.farsnews.ir\/news\/14010818000084\/\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc%E2%80%8C\u0647\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627-\u067e\u0634\u062a-\u0633\u0631-\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a-\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647-\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc-\u0634\u062f\u0647-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\">https:\/\/www.farsnews.ir\/news\/14010818000084\/\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc%E2%80%8C\u0647\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627-\u067e\u0634\u062a-\u0633\u0631-\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a-\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647-\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc-\u0634\u062f\u0647-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote2\">2 <\/sup>\u201cThe thirteenth government and the defense industry: Strengthening deterrence and self-sufficiency in military production,\u201d <em>IRNA<\/em>, August 27, 2023 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/irna.ir\/xjNhQk\">https:\/\/irna.ir\/xjNhQk<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote3\">3 <\/sup> \u201cObstacles persist as Iran seeks top fighter jets from Russia,\u201d <em>Iran International<\/em>, May 9, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iranintl.com\/en\/202309054959\">https:\/\/www.iranintl.com\/en\/202309054959<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote4\">4 <\/sup>Paul Iddon, \u201cIran\u2019s vintage fighter jets keep falling out of the sky,\u201d Forbes, May 29, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/pauliddon\/2022\/05\/29\/irans-vintage-fighter-jets-keep-falling-out-of-the-sky\/?sh=6a1cf97d560d\">https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/pauliddon\/2022\/05\/29\/irans-vintage-fighter-jets-keep-falling-out-of-the-sky\/?sh=6a1cf97d560d<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote5\">5 <\/sup>Gerry Doyle, \u201cEbrahim Raisi death: What do we know about the Bell 212 helicopter?,\u201d Reuters, May 20, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/what-we-know-about-crashed-helicopter-carrying-irans-president-2024-05-20\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/what-we-know-about-crashed-helicopter-carrying-irans-president-2024-05-20\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote6\">6 <\/sup>Dan Sabbagh, \u201cDeadly, cheap and widespread: how Iran-supplied drones are changing the nature of warfare,\u201d The Guardian, February 2, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2024\/feb\/02\/deadly-cheap-and-widespread-how-iran-supplied-drones-are-changing-the-nature-of-warfare\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2024\/feb\/02\/deadly-cheap-and-widespread-how-iran-supplied-drones-are-changing-the-nature-of-warfare<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote7\">7 <\/sup>John H. Cushman Jr., \u201cIraqi missile attacks on Iran: A new twist to the old war,\u201d <em>New York Times<\/em>, March 2, 1988, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1988\/03\/02\/world\/iraqi-missile-attacks-on-iran-a-new-twist-to-the-old-war.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1988\/03\/02\/world\/iraqi-missile-attacks-on-iran-a-new-twist-to-the-old-war.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote8\">8 <\/sup>Iran &amp; China: Military ties,\u201d <em>The Iran Primer <\/em>(blog)<em>,<\/em> June 28, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/iranprimer.usip.org\/blog\/2023\/jun\/28\/iran-china-military-ties#:~:text=1986%2D1989%3A%20Iran%20acquired%20more,were%20second%2Dgeneration%20Chinese%20missiles\">https:\/\/iranprimer.usip.org\/blog\/2023\/jun\/28\/iran-china-military-ties#:~:text=1986%2D1989%3A%20Iran%20acquired%20more,were%20second%2Dgeneration%20Chinese%20missiles<\/a>; \u201cThe C-802 missile was a joint project between Iran and China,\u201d <em>Mashregh News<\/em>, June 11, 2019 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/mshrgh.ir\/965897\">http:\/\/mshrgh.ir\/965897<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote9\">9 <\/sup>\u201cThe anti-ship missile \u2018Nour\u2019 marked the beginning of the production of anti-ship missiles in Iran,\u201d <em>Mashregh News<\/em>, November 26, 2020 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/mshrgh.ir\/1148606\">http:\/\/mshrgh.ir\/1148606<\/a>; Douglas Barrie, \u201cDoes Iran harbour high- speed anti-ship- missile ambitions?,\u201d <em>Military Balance<\/em> (blog), March 13, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/sv\/online-analysis\/military-balance\/2020\/03\/iran-anti-ship-missiles-ramjet\/\">https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/sv\/online-analysis\/military-balance\/2020\/03\/iran-anti-ship-missiles-ramjet\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote10\">10 <\/sup>\u201c7 minutes to Tel Aviv,\u201d <em>Jam-e Jam Daily<\/em>, November 12, 2022 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jamejamdaily.ir\/Newspaper\/item\/159990\">https:\/\/www.jamejamdaily.ir\/Newspaper\/item\/159990<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote11\">11 <\/sup>Navid Hamzavi, \u201cWhich of Iran\u2019s missiles made it through Israel\u2019s air defense,\u201d Iran International, April 18, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iranintl.com\/en\/202404185258\">https:\/\/www.iranintl.com\/en\/202404185258<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote12\">12 <\/sup>Nasser Karimi and Jon Gambrell, \u201cIran shoots down US surveillance drone, heightening tensions,\u201d Associated Press, June 20, 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/e4316eb989d5499c9828350de8524963\">https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/e4316eb989d5499c9828350de8524963<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote13\">13 <\/sup>\u201cIran builds attack drone similar to captured US model, local media say,\u201d <em>The Guardian<\/em>, October 1, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/oct\/01\/iran-builds-thunderbolt-drone\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/oct\/01\/iran-builds-thunderbolt-drone<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote14\">14 <\/sup>\u201cLancet, Shahed: Russia\u2019s drone arsenal grows with Iran\u2019s help,\u201d <em>TRT World<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trtworld.com\/europe\/lancet-shahed-russias-drone-arsenal-grows-with-irans-help-14235049\">https:\/\/www.trtworld.com\/europe\/lancet-shahed-russias-drone-arsenal-grows-with-irans-help-14235049<\/a>. .<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote15\">15 <\/sup>Ebru \u015eeng\u00fcl, \u201cSaudi Arabia accuses Iran, ballistic missile on Riyadh,\u201d <em>Anadolu Ajans\u0131<\/em><em>,<\/em>November 6, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/energyterminal\/energy-diplomacy\/saudi-arabia-accuses-iran-ballistic-missile-on-riyadh\/11\">https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/energyterminal\/energy-diplomacy\/saudi-arabia-accuses-iran-ballistic-missile-on-riyadh\/11<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote16\">16 <\/sup>Hamidreza Azizi, <em>The Concept of \u201cForward Defense\u201d: How has the Syrian Crisis shaped the evolution of Iran\u2019s military strategy?<\/em>, Research Project Report, (Geneva, Switzerland: Geneva Centre for Security Policy, February 2021), 7 &amp; 10.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote17\">17 <\/sup>\u201cThe Seventh Development Plan has been finalized + full text,\u201d <em>Farhikhtegan Newspaper<\/em>, December 1, 2023 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/fdn.ir\/89488\">http:\/\/fdn.ir\/89488<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote18\">18 <\/sup>Shahram Akbarzadeh, William Gourlay, and Anoushiravan Ehteshami, \u201cIranian proxies in the Syrian conflict: Tehran\u2019s \u2018forward-defense\u2019 in action,\u201d <em>Journal of Strategic Studies <\/em>46, no. 3 (January 2022): <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01402390.2021.2023014\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01402390.2021.2023014<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote19\">19 <\/sup>House Armed Services Committee hearing national security challenges and U.S. military activities in the greater Middle East and Africa, CENTCOM, accessed June 27, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centcom.mil\/Portals\/6\/Documents\/Transcripts\/04202021HASCCENTCOMandAFRICOMTranscript.pdf\">https:\/\/www.centcom.mil\/Portals\/6\/Documents\/Transcripts\/04202021HASCCENTCOMandAFRICOMTranscript.pdf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote20\">20 <\/sup>Ibid.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote21\">21 <\/sup>\u201cIran has taken air superiority from U.S., says CENTCOM,\u201d <em>Tehran Times<\/em>, April 21, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/460117\/Iran-has-taken-air-superiority-from-U-S-says-CENTCOM\">https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/460117\/Iran-has-taken-air-superiority-from-U-S-says-CENTCOM<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote22\">22 <\/sup>\u201cLeader of the revolution, prepare yourself for the new world order,\u201d <em>The University of Ferdosi<\/em>, \u00a0November 2, 2022 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/herasat.um.ac.ir\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=704:2022-11-05-06-14-45&amp;catid=123,132,119:2018-03-21-13-35-12&amp;Itemid=656&amp;lang=fa\">https:\/\/herasat.um.ac.ir\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=704:2022-11-05-06-14-45&amp;catid=123,132,119:2018-03-21-13-35-12&amp;Itemid=656&amp;lang=fa<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote23\">23 <\/sup>Hwaida Saad and Rod Nordland, \u201cIran fires a ballistic missile at ISIS in Syria, avenging an earlier attack,\u201d <em>The<\/em> <em>New York Times<\/em>, October 1, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/10\/01\/world\/middleeast\/iran-isis-missile-syria.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/10\/01\/world\/middleeast\/iran-isis-missile-syria.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote24\">24 <\/sup>\u201cIran launches missile attacks on US facilities in Iraq,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, January 8, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/1\/8\/iran-launches-missile-attacks-on-us-facilities-in-iraq\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2020\/1\/8\/iran-launches-missile-attacks-on-us-facilities-in-iraq<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote25\">25 <\/sup>Associated Press, \u201cKurdish Officials: death toll climbs in Iranian drone attack,\u201d <em>VOA<\/em>, September 28, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/a\/kurdish-officials-iran-launches-new-drone-bombings-in-iraq\/6766694.html\">https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/a\/kurdish-officials-iran-launches-new-drone-bombings-in-iraq\/6766694.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote26\">26 <\/sup>Paul Adams and Caroline Davies, \u201cIran admits carrying out deadly strike on Pakistan territory,\u201d BBC, January 17, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-67999465\">https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-67999465<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote27\">27 <\/sup>Ibid.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote28\">28 <\/sup>\u201cIran launches missile strikes in Iraq and Syria citing security threats,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, January 15, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2024\/1\/15\/irans-revolutionary-guard-attack-anti-iranian-groups-in-iraqs-erbil#:~:text=Iran's%20Islamic%20Revolutionary%20Guard%20Corps,its%20security%20and%20countering%20terrorism\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2024\/1\/15\/irans-revolutionary-guard-attack-anti-iranian-groups-in-iraqs-erbil#:~:text=Iran&#8217;s%20Islamic%20Revolutionary%20Guard%20Corps,its%20security%20and%20countering%20terrorism<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote29\">29 <\/sup>Ibid.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote30\">30 <\/sup>Irene Nasser and Benjamin Brown, \u201cIsrael&#8217;s military says 99% of weapons fired by Iran intercepted,\u201d CNN, April 14, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/middleeast\/live-news\/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-04-14-24\/index.html\">https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/middleeast\/live-news\/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-04-14-24\/index.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote31\">31 <\/sup>\u201cIran says Israel bombs its embassy in Syria, kills commanders,\u201d <em>Reuters<\/em>, April 2, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/israel-bombs-iran-embassy-syria-iranian-commanders-among-dead-2024-04-01\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/israel-bombs-iran-embassy-syria-iranian-commanders-among-dead-2024-04-01\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote32\">32 <\/sup>\u201cWhich missiles and drones made the \u2018honest promise\u2019?\u201d <em>IRNA<\/em>, April 15, 2024 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irna.ir\/xjQgyg\">https:\/\/www.irna.ir\/xjQgyg<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote33\">33 <\/sup>Josef Federman and Jon Gambrell, \u201cIsrael says Iran launched more than 300 drones and missiles, 99% of which were intercepted,\u201d Associated Press, April 14, 2024, \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/strait-of-hormuz-vessel-33fcffde2d867380e98c89403776a8ac\">https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/strait-of-hormuz-vessel-33fcffde2d867380e98c89403776a8ac<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote34\">34 <\/sup>\u201cWith which missiles and drones did Iran respond to the Zionist regime?,\u201d <em>Mehr News Agency<\/em>, April 14, 2024 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mehrnews.com\/x34G6j\">www.mehrnews.com\/x34G6j<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote35\">35 <\/sup>Patrick Wintour, \u201cHouthis hit US cargo ship with drone after redesignation as global terrorists,\u201d The Guardian, January 17, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2024\/jan\/17\/us-redesignates-houthis-as-global-terrorists-amid-red-sea-attacks\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2024\/jan\/17\/us-redesignates-houthis-as-global-terrorists-amid-red-sea-attacks<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote36\">36 <\/sup>Agence France Presse, \u201cHezbollah brushes off US sanctions, says money comes via Iran,\u201d <em>The Times of Israel<\/em>, June 25, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/hezbollah-brushes-off-us-sanctions-says-money-comes-via-iran\/\">https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/hezbollah-brushes-off-us-sanctions-says-money-comes-via-iran\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote37\">37 <\/sup>Eleanor Watson, \u201cU.S. strikes Iranian-backed militias in Iraq over wave of attacks on American forces,\u201d CBS News, January 23, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/u-s-strikes-militias-iraq-iranian-backed-over-attacks-u-s-forces\/\">https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/u-s-strikes-militias-iraq-iranian-backed-over-attacks-u-s-forces\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote38\">38 <\/sup>\u201cLebanon\u2019s Hezbollah: What weapons does it have?\u201d <em>Reuters<\/em>, June 20, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/lebanons-hezbollah-what-weapons-does-it-have-2023-10-30\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/lebanons-hezbollah-what-weapons-does-it-have-2023-10-30\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote39\">39 <\/sup>Conflict Armament Research, <em>Iranian Technology Transfers to Yemen<\/em>, (London: United Kingdom, Conflict Armament Research, 2017), 2, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.conflictarm.com\/perspectives\/iranian-technology-transfers-to-yemen\/\">https:\/\/www.conflictarm.com\/perspectives\/iranian-technology-transfers-to-yemen\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote40\">40 <\/sup>Ibid.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote41\">41 <\/sup>Conflict Armament Research<em>, Evolution of UAVs Employed by Houthi Forces in Yemen<\/em>, (London, United Kingdom, Conflict Armament Research, 2020), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.conflictarm.com\/dispatches\/evolution-of-uavs-employed-by-houthi-forces-in-yemen\/\">https:\/\/www.conflictarm.com\/dispatches\/evolution-of-uavs-employed-by-houthi-forces-in-yemen\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote42\">42 <\/sup>\u201cSaudi Aramco\u2019s Jeddah oil depot hit by Houthi attack,\u201d <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, March 25, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2022\/3\/25\/saudi-aramco-jeddah-storage-facility-hit-by-attack\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2022\/3\/25\/saudi-aramco-jeddah-storage-facility-hit-by-attack<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote43\">43 <\/sup>Humeyra Pamuk, \u201cExclusive: US probe of Saudi oil attack shows it came from north \u2013 report,\u201d Reuters, December 20, 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/idUSKBN1YN29E\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/idUSKBN1YN29E\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote44\">44 <\/sup>Joby Warrick, Ellen Nakashima, Shane Harris and Souad Mekhennet, \u201cHamas received weapons and training from Iran, officials say,\u201d Washington Post, October 9, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2023\/10\/09\/iran-support-hamas-training-weapons-israel\/\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2023\/10\/09\/iran-support-hamas-training-weapons-israel\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote45\">45 <\/sup>Fabian Hinz, \u201cIran transfers rockets to Palestinian groups,\u201d Wilson Center, May 19, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/article\/irans-rockets-palestinian-groups\">https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/article\/irans-rockets-palestinian-groups<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote46\">46 <\/sup>\u201cLeader of the Revolution: Today the world is on the threshold of a new international order\/ Ukraine war should be looked at more deeply,\u201d <em>Iranian Diplomacy<\/em>, April 26, 2022\u00a0 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.irdiplomacy.ir\/fa\/news\/2011504\">http:\/\/www.irdiplomacy.ir\/fa\/news\/2011504<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote47\">47 <\/sup>Matt Berg, \u201cIran preparing to send \u2018several hundred\u2019 drones to Russia, Sullivan says,\u201d Politico, July 11, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2022\/07\/11\/iran-uav-drones-russia-00045195\">https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/2022\/07\/11\/iran-uav-drones-russia-00045195<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote48\">48 <\/sup>Ellen Nakashima and Joby Warrick, \u201cIran sends first shipment of drones to Russia for use in Ukraine,\u201d Washington Post<em>,<\/em> August 29, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2022\/08\/29\/iran-drones-russia-ukraine-war\/\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/national-security\/2022\/08\/29\/iran-drones-russia-ukraine-war\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote49\">49 <\/sup>Deborah Haynes, \u201cRussia flew \u20ac140m in cash and captured Western weapons to Iran in return for deadly drones, source claims,\u201d Sky News, November 9, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/news.sky.com\/story\/russia-gave-eur140m-and-captured-western-weapons-to-iran-in-return-for-deadly-drones-source-claims-12741742\">https:\/\/news.sky.com\/story\/russia-gave-eur140m-and-captured-western-weapons-to-iran-in-return-for-deadly-drones-source-claims-12741742<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote50\">50 <\/sup>Michael Knights and Alex Almeida, \u201cWhat Iran\u2019s Drones in Ukraine Mean for the Future of War,\u201d <em>The Washington Institute for Near East Policy,<\/em> November 10, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtoninstitute.org\/policy-analysis\/what-irans-drones-ukraine-mean-future-war\">https:\/\/www.washingtoninstitute.org\/policy-analysis\/what-irans-drones-ukraine-mean-future-war<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote51\">51 <\/sup>\u201cConstruction progresses at Russian plant for Iranian drones \u2013 report,\u201d <em>Reuters<\/em>, November 14, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/europe\/construction-progresses-russian-plant-iranian-drones-report-2023-11-13\/#:~:text=WASHINGTON%2C%20Nov%2013%20(Reuters),research%20organization%20said%20on%20Monday\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/europe\/construction-progresses-russian-plant-iranian-drones-report-2023-11-13\/#:~:text=WASHINGTON%2C%20Nov%2013%20(Reuters),research%20organization%20said%20on%20Monday<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote52\">52 <\/sup>\u201cDeadly birds of the army and the army; From wanderers to 2,000 kilometers,\u201d <em>Tasnim News Agency, <\/em>February 6, 2024 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/tn.ai\/3033642\">https:\/\/tn.ai\/3033642<\/a>; \u201cWill Mohajer-6 be successful in the export market? Learn more about the Iranian multi-purpose drone + video,\u201d <em>Tasnim News Agency<\/em>, September 7, 2021 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/tn.ai\/2565854\">https:\/\/tn.ai\/2565854<\/a>; Garrett Nada, Explainer: Iran\u2019s Drone Exports Worldwide, <em>The Iran Primer<\/em> (blog), April 11, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/iranprimer.usip.org\/blog\/2022\/nov\/16\/explainer-iran%E2%80%99s-drone-exports-worldwide\">https:\/\/iranprimer.usip.org\/blog\/2022\/nov\/16\/explainer-iran%E2%80%99s-drone-exports-worldwide<\/a>; \u201cIranian drones and authority that did not come easily,\u201d <em>Fars News Agency<\/em>, October 8, 2023, <a href=\"http:\/\/fna.ir\/3fc62y\">http:\/\/fna.ir\/3fc62y<\/a>; \u201cTechnical specifications and historic usage of Iranian drones possibly provided to Russia,\u201d Critical Threats, accessed July 24, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.criticalthreats.org\/analysis\/technical-specifications-and-historic-usage-of-iranian-drones-possibly-provided-to-russia\">https:\/\/www.criticalthreats.org\/analysis\/technical-specifications-and-historic-usage-of-iranian-drones-possibly-provided-to-russia<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote53\">53 <\/sup>\u201cTable of Iran\u2019s missile arsenal,\u201d Iran Watch, accessed July 4, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iranwatch.org\/our-publications\/weapon-program-background-report\/table-irans-missile-arsenal\">https:\/\/www.iranwatch.org\/our-publications\/weapon-program-background-report\/table-irans-missile-arsenal<\/a>; \u201cSpecifications of Emad ballistic missile,\u201d <em>Rouydad-24<\/em>, April 18, 2024 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rouydad24.ir\/fa\/news\/367319\/\">https:\/\/www.rouydad24.ir\/fa\/news\/367319\/<\/a>; \u201cGetting to know the types of operational ballistic missiles made in Iran,\u201d <em>Hamshahri Online<\/em>, July 25, 2023 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hamshahrionline.ir\/x8Cch\">www.hamshahrionline.ir\/x8Cch<\/a>; \u201cCharacteristics of Iran&#8217;s new hypersonic missile\/advanced and unique Fattah 2 warhead,\u201d <em>Khabar Online<\/em>, November 19, 2023 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.khabaronline.ir\/xkDPz\">www.khabaronline.ir\/xkDPz<\/a>; \u201cWith which missiles and drones did Iran respond to the Zionist regime?\u201d <em>Mehr News Agency<\/em>, April 14, 2024 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mehrnews.com\/x34G6j\">www.mehrnews.com\/x34G6j<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote54\">54 <\/sup>\u201cLeader of the Revolution: Prepare yourselves for the new world order,\u201d <em>The University of Ferdosi<\/em>, November 2, 2022 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/herasat.um.ac.ir\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=704:2022-11-05-06-14-45&amp;catid=123,132,119:2018-03-21-13-35-12&amp;Itemid=656&amp;lang=fa\">https:\/\/herasat.um.ac.ir\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=704:2022-11-05-06-14-45&amp;catid=123,132,119:2018-03-21-13-35-12&amp;Itemid=656&amp;lang=fa<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote55\">55 <\/sup>\u201cThe Islamic revolution changed the political scene of the world,\u201d <em>Mehr News Agency<\/em>, September 19, 2023 (in Farsi), <a href=\"http:\/\/mehrnews.com\/x334Qy\">http:\/\/mehrnews.com\/x334Qy<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote56\">56 <\/sup>Mohammad Esmaeil Sharifian, Ali Akbar Ahmadian, and Naser Poursadegh, \u201cStrategies for the development of the use of UAVs in increasing the combat power of the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran,\u201d <em>Strategic Defense Studies<\/em>, 2018, 16 (2): 153-176 (in Farsi).<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote57\">57 <\/sup>\u201cRussian initiative and the change of the American order,\u201d <em>Javan Newspaper<\/em>, July 24, 2022 (in Farsi),\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pishkhan.com\/news\/273112\">https:\/\/www.pishkhan.com\/news\/273112<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote58\">58 <\/sup>\u201cHow Iran&#8217;s drone power helps to create security in the region,\u201d <em>Fars News Agency<\/em>, July 24, 2022 (in Farsi), <a href=\"https:\/\/farsnews.ir\/news\/14010501000091\/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%BE%D9%87%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87-%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%A9-%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF\">https:\/\/farsnews.ir\/news\/14010501000091\/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D9%BE%D9%87%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87-%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%A9-%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF<\/a>.<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0651\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627.\u00a0 &nbsp; \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629: \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":471795,"template":"","categories":[64],"institution":[],"geographic_area":[94],"programs":[],"publication_type":[90],"class_list":["post-471776","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-64","geographic_area-94","publication_type-90","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/471776","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/471795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=471776"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=471776"},{"taxonomy":"institution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/institution?post=471776"},{"taxonomy":"geographic_area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/geographic_area?post=471776"},{"taxonomy":"programs","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/programs?post=471776"},{"taxonomy":"publication_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_type?post=471776"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}