{"id":469660,"date":"2023-09-14T12:35:39","date_gmt":"2023-09-14T12:35:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=469660"},"modified":"2024-08-04T09:30:40","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T09:30:40","slug":"%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a5%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ac%d9%91%d9%87-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d9%85%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/publication\/%d8%a5%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a5%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ac%d9%91%d9%87-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d9%85%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b&#8221;: \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0644\u0627<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0644\u0627<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8221; <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0628\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629:<\/span><\/b> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b&#8221; \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u060c <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0651\u062e<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a<\/span><\/b> <b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635\u0651 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1979 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#endnote46\"><sup>46<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<a href=\"#endnote47\"><sup>47<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b&#8221; \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote1\">1 <\/sup>Clement Therme, &#8220;Iran&#8217;s &#8216;neither East nor West&#8217; slogan today,&#8221; International Institute for Strategic Studies, February 8, 2019, https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/online-analysis\/online-analysis\/2019\/02\/iran-east-west\/.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote2\">2 <\/sup>Mohammad Hashemi, &#8220;Economic Policies of the Constructive Government in the Post-War Era,&#8221; <em>Eghtesadnews<\/em>, October 19, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eghtesadnews.com\/fa\/tiny\/news-467787\">https:\/\/www.eghtesadnews.com\/fa\/tiny\/news-467787<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup>3 <\/sup>Javad Moinaddini, &#8220;Iran and Central Asian Republics: Opportunities and Challenges,&#8221; <em>Pakistan Horizon<\/em> 48, no. 1 (January 1995): 47-70, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/i40066491\">https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/i40066491<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote4\">4 <\/sup>Gholam Ali Haddad Adel, &#8220;Iran Will Become an Islamic Japan,&#8221; <em>Mehr News Agency<\/em>, March 4, 2002, https:\/\/www.mehrnews.com\/news\/61393\/.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote5\">5 <\/sup>Hamidreza Azizi, &#8220;Central Asia; The Neglected Arena in Iran&#8217;s Foreign Policy,&#8221; <em>Tabnak<\/em>, April 7, 2014, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tabnak.ir\/fa\/news\/390856\">https:\/\/www.tabnak.ir\/fa\/news\/390856<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote6\">6 <\/sup>Amin Naeni, <em>Iran and Africa: Why Tehran Will Boost its Ties with the Continent under the Raisi Administration<\/em>, Middle East Institute, August 11, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/iran-and-africa-why-tehran-will-boost-its-ties-continent-under-raisi-administration\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/iran-and-africa-why-tehran-will-boost-its-ties-continent-under-raisi-administration<\/a>; Farideh Farhi, <em>Iran and Latin America: Threat or &#8216;Axis of Annoyance&#8217;?<\/em>, Wilson Center, July 10, 2008, \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/event\/iran-latin-america-threat-or-axis-annoyance\">https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/event\/iran-latin-america-threat-or-axis-annoyance<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote7\">7 <\/sup>Asadollah Asgaroladi, &#8220;Iran&#8217;s Imports from China During Ahmadinejad&#8217;s Administration,&#8221; <em>Khabaronline<\/em>, May 4, 2014, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.khabaronline.ir\/news\/413460\">https:\/\/www.khabaronline.ir\/news\/413460<\/a>; Zohreh Balazadeh and Fahimeh Ghaibi, &#8220;A Comparative Analysis of Diplomatic Relations between Iran and Russia during the Administrations of Presidents Mohammad Khatami and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad,&#8221; <em>Political Research of the Islamic World<\/em>, (Tehran, Iran: Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, September 15, 2011), <a href=\"https:\/\/prb.ctb.iau.ir\/article_524516.html\">https:\/\/prb.ctb.iau.ir\/article_524516.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote8\">8 <\/sup>&#8220;UN Documents for Iran: Security Council Resolutions,&#8221; Security Council Report, accessed August 10, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.securitycouncilreport.org\/un_documents_type\/security-council-resolutions\/?ctype=Iran&amp;cbtype=iran\">https:\/\/www.securitycouncilreport.org\/un_documents_type\/security-council-resolutions\/?ctype=Iran&amp;cbtype=iran<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote9\">9 <\/sup>Hassan Rouhani, &#8220;Why Iran Seeks Constructive Engagement,&#8221; <em>The Washington Post<\/em>, September 19, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/opinions\/president-of-iran-hassan-rouhani-time-to-engage\/2013\/09\/19\/4d2da564-213e-11e3-966c-9c4293c47ebe_story.html\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/opinions\/president-of-iran-hassan-rouhani-time-to-engage\/2013\/09\/19\/4d2da564-213e-11e3-966c-9c4293c47ebe_story.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote10\">10 <\/sup>Hamidreza Azizi, &#8220;Second-term Rouhani Likely to Move Closer to Russia,&#8221; <em>Al-Monitor,<\/em> June 12, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/originals\/2017\/06\/iran-russia-rouhani-second-term-syria-strategic-partnership.html\">https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/originals\/2017\/06\/iran-russia-rouhani-second-term-syria-strategic-partnership.html<\/a>; Alam Saleh and Zakiyeh Yazdanshenas, &#8220;Iran\u2019s Pact With China Is Bad News for the West,&#8221; <em>Foreign Policy<\/em>, August 9, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2020\/08\/09\/irans-pact-with-china-is-bad-news-for-the-west\/\">https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2020\/08\/09\/irans-pact-with-china-is-bad-news-for-the-west\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote11\">11 <\/sup>Saeed Kamali Dehghan, &#8220;Revolutionary Guards Tried to Sabotage Iran&#8217;s Nuclear Deal, Says President,&#8221; <em>The Guardian<\/em>, May 5, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2017\/may\/05\/iran-president-hassan-rouhani-nuclear-agreement-sabotaged\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2017\/may\/05\/iran-president-hassan-rouhani-nuclear-agreement-sabotaged<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote12\">12 <\/sup>Syed Zafar Mehdi, &#8220;Iran, China sign series of cooperation agreements during Raisi\u2019s visit,&#8221; <em>Anadolu Agency<\/em>, February 15, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/politics\/iran-china-sign-series-of-cooperation-agreements-during-raisis-visit\/2820209\">https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/politics\/iran-china-sign-series-of-cooperation-agreements-during-raisis-visit\/2820209<\/a>; Umud Shokri, &#8220;Iran and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization,&#8221; <em>Sada<\/em> (blog), Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, November 16, 2022, \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/88427\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/88427<\/a>; &#8220;Iran &amp; Russia: Gyrating Trade Grows,&#8221; <em>The Iran Primer<\/em> (blog), May 18, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/iranprimer.usip.org\/blog\/2023\/may\/18\/iran-and-russia-gyrating-trade-grows\">https:\/\/iranprimer.usip.org\/blog\/2023\/may\/18\/iran-and-russia-gyrating-trade-grows<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote13\">13 <\/sup>Marzieh Rahmani, &#8220;Arrogant West in Decline in Region, Entire World: Leader,\u201d <em>Mehr News Agency<\/em>, July 8, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.mehrnews.com\/news\/188871\/Arrogant-West-in-decline-in-region-entire-world-Leader\">https:\/\/en.mehrnews.com\/news\/188871\/Arrogant-West-in-decline-in-region-entire-world-Leader<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup>14 <\/sup>&#8220;Ahmadinejad Was the Voice of the Oppressed Nations in the UN,&#8221; <em>Fars News Agency<\/em>, accessed August 10, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.farsnews.ir\/news\/8607080024\">https:\/\/www.farsnews.ir\/news\/8607080024<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote15\">15 <\/sup>&#8220;Ahmadinejad, Morales Insist on Resistance Against Hegemonists,&#8221; <em>Tehran Times<\/em>, October 27, 2010, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/229333\/Ahmadinejad-Morales-insist-on-resistance-against-hegemonists\">https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/229333\/Ahmadinejad-Morales-insist-on-resistance-against-hegemonists<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote16\">16 <\/sup>&#8220;The Objectives of &#8216;Rouhani and Zarif&#8217; in Signing the 25-Year Agreement with China\/Who Were the &#8216;Architects&#8217; of the 25-Year Agreement?&#8221;, <em>Khabaronline<\/em>, February 27, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.khabaronline.ir\/news\/1732053\">https:\/\/www.khabaronline.ir\/news\/1732053<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote17\">17 <\/sup>&#8220;Shifting Power Balance Signals a New World Order: Iranian President Raisi,&#8221; <em>BNN Newsroom<\/em>, June 14, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/bnn.network\/breaking-news\/shifting-power-balance-signals-a-new-world-order-iranian-president-raisi\/\">https:\/\/bnn.network\/breaking-news\/shifting-power-balance-signals-a-new-world-order-iranian-president-raisi\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote18\">18 <\/sup>Amir Hossein Askari and Mohammad Zarei, &#8220;Towards the East: Iran\u2019s Foreign Policy in Ahmadinejad Era\u2014Based on James Rosenau\u2019s Continuity Theory,&#8221; <em>International Relations and Diplomacy<\/em> 8, no. 06 (June 2020): 240-250, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17265\/2328-2134\/2020.06.002\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17265\/2328-2134\/2020.06.002<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote19\">19 <\/sup>Mahjoob Zweiri and Alieu Manjang, &#8220;From Ahmadinejad to Rouhani: Iran\u2019s Presence in Africa,&#8221; in <em>Foreign Policy of Iran under President Hassan Rouhani&#8217;s First Term (2013\u20132017)<\/em>, ed. Luciano Zaccara, (Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020), <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-15-3924-4_9\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-15-3924-4_9 <\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote20\">20 <\/sup>&#8220;Rouhani: Iran Prioritizes Relations with Neighbors, Eurasian States,&#8221; <em>Islamic Republic News Agency<\/em>, October 13, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.irna.ir\/news\/84074616\/Rouhani-Iran-prioritizes-relations-with-neighbors-Eurasian\">https:\/\/en.irna.ir\/news\/84074616\/Rouhani-Iran-prioritizes-relations-with-neighbors-Eurasian<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote21\">21 <\/sup>&#8220;China says Iran joins AIIB as founder member,&#8221; Reuters, April 8, 2015, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-asia-aiib-iran-idUSKBN0MZ08720150408\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-asia-aiib-iran-idUSKBN0MZ08720150408<\/a>; Syed Zafar Mehdi, &#8220;Iran, China Sign Deal on Belt and Road Project,&#8221; <em>Anadolu Agency<\/em>, March 27, 2021, \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/asia-pacific\/iran-china-sign-deal-on-belt-and-road-project\/2190154\">https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/en\/asia-pacific\/iran-china-sign-deal-on-belt-and-road-project\/2190154<\/a>; &#8220;President Rouhani: Iran-EAEU Preferential Trade Kick-off in November,&#8221; <em>Fars News Agency<\/em>, October 1, 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.farsnews.ir\/en\/news\/13980709000260\/Presiden-Rhani-Iran-EAEU-Preferenial-Trade-Kick-ff-in-Nvember\">https:\/\/www.farsnews.ir\/en\/news\/13980709000260\/Presiden-Rhani-Iran-EAEU-Preferenial-Trade-Kick-ff-in-Nvember<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote22\">22 <\/sup>&#8220;President Raisi at 1402 Nowruz Speech: &#8216;Neighborhood Policy&#8217; and &#8216;Balanced Diplomacy&#8217; will Continue in 1402,&#8221; Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran Official Website, March 22, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/irangov.ir\/detail\/409068\">https:\/\/irangov.ir\/detail\/409068<\/a>; Mohammadbagher Forough, &#8220;Raisi\u2019s Foreign Policy: Pragmatic Revolutionism and the Iranian Pivot to Asia,&#8221; <em>GIGA Focus Middle East<\/em>, no. 7 (2021): 1-8, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.giga-hamburg.de\/en\/publications\/giga-focus\/raisi-s-foreign-policy-pragmatic-revolutionism-iranian-pivot-asia\">https:\/\/www.giga-hamburg.de\/en\/publications\/giga-focus\/raisi-s-foreign-policy-pragmatic-revolutionism-iranian-pivot-asia<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote23\">23 <\/sup>Parisa Hafezi, Nayera Abdallah, and Aziz El Yaakoubi, &#8221; Iran and Saudi Arabia agree to resume ties in talks brokered by China,&#8221; <em>Reuters<\/em>, March 10, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/iran-saudi-arabia-agree-resume-ties-re-open-embassies-iranian-state-media-2023-03-10\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/iran-saudi-arabia-agree-resume-ties-re-open-embassies-iranian-state-media-2023-03-10\/<\/a>; &#8220;Iranian leader visits Indonesia to deepen economic ties amid global geopolitical challenges,&#8221; <em>AP<\/em>, May 23, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/indonesia-iran-ebrahim-raisi-trade-agreement-4979c22e802c944dd602abade7da6235\">https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/indonesia-iran-ebrahim-raisi-trade-agreement-4979c22e802c944dd602abade7da6235<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote24\">24 <\/sup>Nicole Bayat Grajewski, &#8220;Iran and the SCO: The Quest for Legitimacy and Regime Preservation,&#8221; <em>Middle East Policy,<\/em> May 16, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mepo.12684\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mepo.12684<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote25\">25 <\/sup>&#8220;Iran Urges Trade as ECO Summit Opens in Tehran,&#8221; <em>Radio Free Europe\/Radio Liberty<\/em>, March 11, 2009, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rferl.org\/a\/Economic_Cooperation_Organization_Summit_Opens_In_Tehran\/1508011.html\">https:\/\/www.rferl.org\/a\/Economic_Cooperation_Organization_Summit_Opens_In_Tehran\/1508011.html<\/a>; &#8220;Ahmadinejad Attends OIC Summit,&#8221; <em>Islamic Republic News Agency<\/em>, February 6, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.irna.ir\/news\/80532698\/Ahmadinejad-attends-OIC-Summit\">https:\/\/en.irna.ir\/news\/80532698\/Ahmadinejad-attends-OIC-Summit<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote26\">26 <\/sup>Amin Mohammad-Zadegan Khoi, &#8220;Rouhani: Strengthening Multilateralism One of Iran&#8217;s Foreign Policy Priorities,&#8221; Islamic Republic News Agency, April 8, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.irna.ir\/news\/84288700\/Rouhani-Strengthening-multilateralism-one-of-Iran-s-foreign\">https:\/\/en.irna.ir\/news\/84288700\/Rouhani-Strengthening-multilateralism-one-of-Iran-s-foreign<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote27\">27 <\/sup>&#8220;Iran Will Become One of Members of SCO in Current Year,&#8221; <em>Tehran Times<\/em>, May 23, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/485054\/Iran-will-become-one-of-members-of-SCO-in-current-year\">https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/485054\/Iran-will-become-one-of-members-of-SCO-in-current-year<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote28\">28 <\/sup>&#8220;Iranian President Says His Country Ready to Join BRICS,&#8221; <em>TASS<\/em>, June 13, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/tass.com\/world\/1631667\">https:\/\/tass.com\/world\/1631667<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote29\">29 <\/sup>Ewen MacAskill and Chris McGreal, &#8220;Israel should be wiped off map, says Iran&#8217;s president,&#8221; <em>The Guardian<\/em>, October 27, 2005, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2005\/oct\/27\/israel.iran\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2005\/oct\/27\/israel.iran<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote30\">30 <\/sup>&#8220;UN Security Council Resolutions on Iran,&#8221; <em>Arms Control Association<\/em>, January 1, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/factsheets\/Security-Council-Resolutions-on-Iran\">https:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/factsheets\/Security-Council-Resolutions-on-Iran<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote31\">31 <\/sup>David Wallsh, &#8220;The \u2018Maximum Pressure\u2019 Campaign Undermines Trump\u2019s National Security Strategy,&#8221; <em>IranSource<\/em> (blog), February 12, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/iransource\/the-maximum-pressure-campaign-undermines-trumps-national-security-strategy\/\">https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/iransource\/the-maximum-pressure-campaign-undermines-trumps-national-security-strategy\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote32\">32 <\/sup>&#8220;What is Resistance Economy?&#8221;, <em>Eghtesad Online<\/em>, May 8, 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eghtesadonline.com\/n\/1kaG\">https:\/\/www.eghtesadonline.com\/n\/1kaG<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 id=\"sconnect-is-installed\" style=\"display: none; text-align: left;\">2.15.0.0<\/h6>\n<h6 id=\"sconnect-is-installed\" style=\"display: none; text-align: left;\">2.15.0.0<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote33\">33<\/sup> Ali Ansari, &#8220;Iran under Ahmadinejad: Populism and Its Malcontents,&#8221; <em>International Affairs<\/em>, vol. 84, no. 4 (July 2008): 683-700, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25144871\">https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25144871<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote34\">34<\/sup> Saeed Jafari, \u201cReview of Iran&#8217;s Foreign Policy 40 Years After the Revolution: From Ahmadinejad to Rouhani,\u201d <em>Euronews Persian<\/em>, February 11, 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/parsi.euronews.com\/2019\/02\/11\/iran-foreign-policy-review-40-years-after-revolution-ahmadi-nejad-rouhani\">https:\/\/parsi.euronews.com\/2019\/02\/11\/iran-foreign-policy-review-40-years-after-revolution-ahmadi-nejad-rouhani<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote35\">35<\/sup> &#8220;Iran&#8217;s Foreign Policy during Rouhani&#8217;s Era; Interaction Instead of Confrontation,&#8221; <em>Islamic Republic News Agency<\/em>, August 17, 2014, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irna.ir\/news\/81275336\/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84\">https:\/\/www.irna.ir\/news\/81275336\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote36\">36 <\/sup>Hamidreza Azizi, <em>The International Relations of Public Protests in Iran<\/em>, Expert Brief, (Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye: Sharq Forum, October 19, 2022), <a href=\"https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2022\/10\/19\/public-protests-in-iran\/\">https:\/\/research.sharqforum.org\/2022\/10\/19\/public-protests-in-iran\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote37\">37<\/sup> &#8220;Iranians vote in presidential election marred by disqualification row\u201d, <em>BBC, <\/em>June 18, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-57510763\">https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-57510763<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote38\">38 <\/sup>\u201cIranian Society under Crackdown,\u201d <em>Human Rights Watch, <\/em>August 1, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/blog-feed\/iranian-society-under-crackdown\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/blog-feed\/iranian-society-under-crackdown<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote39\">39<\/sup> Sanam Vakil, et al., <em>Might the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Use the Iranian Protests to Supplant the Ruling Clerical Establishment?<\/em>, (Beirut, Lebanon: Carnegie Middle East Center, January 19, 2023), <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/diwan\/88814\">https:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/diwan\/88814<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote40\">40<\/sup> Gholamreza Zabetpour Kari, &#8220;Recognition of the Principle of &#8216;neither East nor West&#8217; with Emphasis on the View of Imam Khomeini,&#8221; <em>Political Sociology of the Islamic Revolution<\/em>, vol. 2, no. 3 (November 2021): 127-146, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psirj.ir\/issue_19913_19924_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%203.html?lang=en\">https:\/\/www.psirj.ir\/issue_19913_19924_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%203.html?lang=en<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote41\">41<\/sup> &#8220;The Recalibration of Saudi Foreign Policy,&#8221; International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), March 28, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/events\/2023\/03\/the-recalibration-of-saudi-foreign-policy\/\">https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/events\/2023\/03\/the-recalibration-of-saudi-foreign-policy\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote42\">42<\/sup> Stephen M. Walt et al., &#8220;Significance of the Iran-Saudi Arabia Agreement Brokered by China,&#8221; Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, March 14, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.belfercenter.org\/publication\/significance-iran-saudi-arabia-agreement-brokered-china\">https:\/\/www.belfercenter.org\/publication\/significance-iran-saudi-arabia-agreement-brokered-china<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote43\">43<\/sup> Anthony H. Cordesman, <em>China and Iran: A Major Chinese Gain in &#8216;White Area Warfare&#8217; in the Gulf<\/em>, (Washington D.C.: Center for Strategic &amp; International Studies<em>,<\/em> March 29, 2021), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/china-and-iran-major-chinese-gain-white-area-warfare-gulf\">https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/china-and-iran-major-chinese-gain-white-area-warfare-gulf<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote44\">44 <\/sup>Alexander A. Pikayev, &#8220;Why Russia Supported Sanctions Against Iran,&#8221; (Monterey, CA: James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, June 23, 2010), <a href=\"https:\/\/nonproliferation.org\/why-russia-supported-sanctions-against-iran\/\">https:\/\/nonproliferation.org\/why-russia-supported-sanctions-against-iran\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote45\">45<\/sup> Simon Watkins, &#8220;China Wants Even Better Terms for Crucial Iran Oil Project,&#8221; OilPrice.com, February 21, 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/oilprice.com\/Energy\/Crude-Oil\/China-Wants-Even-Better-Terms-For-Crucial-Iran-Oil-Project.html\">https:\/\/oilprice.com\/Energy\/Crude-Oil\/China-Wants-Even-Better-Terms-For-Crucial-Iran-Oil-Project.html<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote46\">46<\/sup> Nima Khorrami, &#8220;How China Boosts Iran\u2019s Digital Crackdown,&#8221; <em>The Diplomat<\/em>, October 27, 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2022\/10\/how-china-boosts-irans-digital-crackdown\/\">https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2022\/10\/how-china-boosts-irans-digital-crackdown\/<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><sup id=\"endnote47\">47 <\/sup>&#8220;Russia, Iran sign agreement on cyber security cooperation,&#8221; <em>TASS<\/em>, January 26, 2021, <a href=\"https:\/\/tass.com\/politics\/1248963\">https:\/\/tass.com\/politics\/1248963<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1979 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":469616,"template":"","categories":[64],"institution":[],"geographic_area":[94],"programs":[],"publication_type":[90],"class_list":["post-469660","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-64","geographic_area-94","publication_type-90","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/469660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/469616"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=469660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=469660"},{"taxonomy":"institution","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/institution?post=469660"},{"taxonomy":"geographic_area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/geographic_area?post=469660"},{"taxonomy":"programs","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/programs?post=469660"},{"taxonomy":"publication_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mecouncil.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication_type?post=469660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}